Francis Aldrine A. Uy

Details

Francis Aldrine A. Uy

Sex: Male

Education

Doctor of Philosophy in Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman, 2011.
Master of Science in Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, 2004
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering, 2000.

Field of Specialization
Housing
Built Environment
City Planning
Green Building
Building Technology

Researches:

Article title: SHM research funded by the Philippine government aiming towards structural resiliency
Authors: Francis A. Uy
Publication title: Journal of Civil Structural Health Monitoring 2020(Fall):8, October 2020

Abstract:
The Philippines is located along the typhoon belt and Pacific Ring of Fire. It is imperative to prepare for strong typhoons as well as earthquakes. The “Big One” may hit Metro Manila within our lifetime, as mentioned in the Metro Manila Earthquake Impact Reduction Study (MMEIRS) in 2004, which has an expected M7.2 earthquake, originating along the West Valley Fault.
Full text available upon request to the author

Article title: Flood Inundation Modeling of the Pasig-Potrero River Draining from Mount Pinatubo to the Pampanga River Basin using HEC-RAS
Authors: James Noli Villarete Nobora, Aaron Miguel Clata Abracia, Arturo S. Daag, Marianne V. Fernandez, et al.
Publication title: Taiwan Water Conservancy 68(2):28-44, June 2020

Abstract:
The setting of the Philippines makes it an entryway for atmospheric disturbances originating from the east. These violent disturbances are often accompanied by other hazards that amplify the devastation that already entail such occurrences. Flooding is among the attendant phenomena steered by these meteorological events, and recurring floods are plights that necessitate proactive disaster risk planning and management. Through the conduct of one-dimensional steady-state flow analysis using Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS), inundation related to three storm events, with varying rainfall conditions, was characterized in terms of depth and extent. This was done to compensate for the limitations of presently available event-based flood risk data for the Pasig-Potrero river, which drains from Mount Pinatubo to the Pampanga River Basin in Central Luzon. Critical depths were reached when flooding rose to around 7.99, 8.68 and 9.58 m in the modeling of tropical depression Milenyo, typhoon Frank and typhoon Santi, respectively. The total area encompassed by the floodwaters manifesting from the aforesaid meteorological scenarios was consequently determined to be 9.36, 9.83 and 15.58 sq. km, respectively. It was in Barangay Cabetican within the Municipality of Bacolor, however, that flooding was particularly extensive. An increasing trend was observed in the area exposed to flooding when the model was manipulated in the order of escalating peak discharge value. For the said barangay, 50% of the area was initially found inundated under tropical depression Milenyo. This progressed to 53% under typhoon Frank, and to 72% under typhoon Santi. Inundation may have been governed by different interplaying factors, but within the context of HEC-RAS, flooding may have been primarily attributed to river morphology as supported by the notable channel bars downstream, which act to obstruct the free flow of water. Moreover, the simulations do not necessarily replicate the exact same inundation patterns that occurred during the actual storm events; however, by incorporating the same rainfall conditions that characterized the meteorological scenarios, flood simulation was carried out given the present conditions of the river.
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/rb3ffsss

Article title: Intelligent Transportation System: Traffic Load Monitoring and Remote Sensing Structural Health Monitoring of Critical Bridges in Metro Manila using Multi Modal Analysis
Authors: Katrina Montes, Krish Angelo Embalzado, A. J. Sayno, L. C. Tani, et al.
Publication title: IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering 739:012013, February 2020

Abstract:
Bridge load limit monitoring is a major problem in the Philippines. Since this was not implemented strictly, the structural integrity of the bridges was affected hence it resulted to frequent maintenance, retrofitting of strucutral members and collapse. The integrity of the bridge continously decreases through time once the maximum load limit was experienced by the structure. Therefore, this study aims to emphasize the importance of traffic load monitoring in conducting structural health assessment of bridges aside from earthquake and mass loads. The 7.7% increase in the flexure stress of the bridge deck indicates that truck loading has a significant effect on the bridge. In addition for this, variation on the truck volume for peak hours and non peak hours will correlate to the reading of the smart sensor attached on the bridge for structural health monitoring
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/25kf2x7z

Article title: Cost Impact Analysis on the DPWH Guideline and Implementing Rules on Earthquake Recording Instrumentation for Private Buildings using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis-Analytical Hierarchy Process (MCDA-AHP) in the City of Manila
Authors: Vince Conrad Alfonso, Melvin Bagsit, J. D. Reyes, Michael Bautista Baylon, et al.
Publication title: IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering 739:012005, February 2020

Abstract:
Philippines lie in the Pacific Ring of Fire, a region where earthquakes and other seismic activities are frequent. Through the NBCDO Memorandum Circular No. 01 Series of 2015, The DPWH Guidelines and Implementing Rules on Earthquake Recording Instrumentation for buildings was implemented with the objectives of: (1) ensuring the safety of building occupants by determining the condition of buildings, and (2) collecting earthquake related data during major seismic activities. Despite being signed on March 12, 2015, the compliance rate of the buildings here in the City of Manila was low. The purpose of this study is to determine the cost impact of the said guidelines to building owners using MCDA- AHP; as well as to identify the amount needed to equip the City of Manila. The research was carried out having SHM experts (for AHP) and building owners (for MCDA) as the respondents for the corresponding parts of the study. The results show that the equipment price has the biggest impact to the building owners and their willingness to pay for ERIs is lower compared to the market. (PDF) Cost Impact Analysis on the DPWH Guideline and Implementing Rules on Earthquake Recording Instrumentation for Private Buildings using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis-Analytical Hierarchy Process (MCDA-AHP) in the City of Manila.
Full text available upon request to the author

Article title: Threshold Determination Using Bi-hazard Fragility Curves for the Evaluation of Structural Health Monitoring of USHER Technology
Authors: Michael Bautista Baylon, Francis A. Uy, Katrina Montes, Krish Angelo Embalzado
Publication title: IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering 739:012002, February 2020

Abstract:
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is not new in the field of structural engineering and its application goes from the monitoring to evaluation of bridges, dams, buildings, and other similar structures. As per National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) Volume 1[1-4], the Implementing Rules of earthquake recording instrumentation of buildings has been continually advancing, but not in the case of bridges and dams. The objective of this paper is to apply the established sensor-driven accelerometer developed by USHER (Universal Structural Health Evaluation and Recording) system in the evaluation of Padre Jacinto Zamora Bridge in Manila; specifically, to determine the proper installation of the developed accelerometer in the identified critical parts of the bridge. SHM addresses the problem of structural integrity assessment and help in assuring repair cost to a minimal. SHM helps quantify the strength of a structure by identifying the damage. Often evaluations are made using visual inspection and by age consideration. Most of the time, the use of this type of evaluation tend to be expensive. Repairs are not directed to the damaged component alone but the whole structure. Hence, the expenditure expands. SHM with the application of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Sensors (MEMS) will allow gathering of data that can be converted in the form of the structure’s modal properties (i.e. natural frequency, mode shape, and damping ratio) [6, 7]. Structural health is then determined and be ready to compare it to the structural model simulation results. A method was developed to incorporate seismic fragility curves [5] to determine the thresholds for the evaluation of the structural health. Capacity spectrum method was utilized to derive the seismic fragility function. A Monte Carlo Simulation was used to derive the flood fragility curves.
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/tf4nyutc

Article title: Damage State Assessment of a Pre-Stress Concrete Girder (PSCG) Bridge using Non Linear Analysis for Real-time Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Katrina Montes, Krish Angelo Embalzado, Nikka Marie Sales, A. J. Sayno, et al.
Publication title: IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering 739:012009, February 2009

Abstract:
Philippines is located in the pacific ring of fire, which indicates that seismic movement is frequently happening. West valley fault line located in the central Luzon might move due to its 400 to 500-year recurrence, and the last recorded movement was on 1958. According to MMIERS, the movement of west valley fault with 7.2 magnitude earthquake can cause one of the biggest devastation in Metro Manila. In preparation for that, this study aims to assess the vulnerability of a pre-stress bridge against seismic movement by the aid of USHER technology. The USHER system includes structural assessment, remote sensing, and real time monitoring through the portal. This study will focus on the structural assessment of the bridge, which identify the acceleration limits that the bridge can endure to interpret different level of damage. As a result, by 10% of probability of exceedance from SEAOC using the moderate damage fragility curve, the results in three directions are 0.37641g in longitudinal axis, 0.366025g in transverse axis, and 0.394498g in the vertical direction. The most critical is in the transverse direction, which can produce a maximum of 67mm displacement of the bridge in the inelastic stage. In validation through the sensor, which has a reading from the smart bridge project, the maximum acceleration recorded was 0.138g. This concludes that the bridge is safe and no retrofitting works is need.
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/edestkvr

Article title: One-Dimensional (1D) River Analysis of a River Basin in Southern Luzon Island in the Philippines Using Lidar Digital Elevation Model
Authors: Fibor J. Tan, Edgardo Jade R. Rarugal, Francis A. Uy
Publication title: International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7(3.7):29, July 2018

Abstract:
Flooding is a perennial problem in the Philippines during the monsoon season intensified by the effects of typhoon. On average, there are 20 typhoons that enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), and many of these make landfall causing catastrophic aftermath. Extreme rainfall events could lead to flooding in the downstream floodplain and landslide in mountainous terrains. In this study, which is for the case of Calumpang River that drains to the populated and developing region of Batangas City, the focus is on flooding in the floodplain areas. The river was modelled using LiDAR digital elevation model (DEM) that has an accuracy of 20cm in the vertical and 50cm in the horizontal. The result of this is river hydraulic model that can be used to accurately generate flood inundation simulations and flood hazard maps.
Full text available upon request to the author

Article title: Effects of Land Cover Changes to the Quantity of Water Supply and Hydrologic Cycle using Water Balance Models
Authors: CC Caja, NL Ibunes, JA Paril, AR Reyes, et al.
Publication title: MATEC Web of Conferences 150:06004, January 2018

Abstract:
The hydrologic cycle is a recurring consequence of different forms of movement of water and changes of its physical state on a given area of the earth. The land cover of a certain area is a significant factor affecting the watershed hydrology. This also affects the quantity of water supply within the watershed. This study assessed the impacts of the changing land cover of the Ipo watershed, a part of the Angat-Ipo-La Mesa water system which is the main source of Metro Manila’s water supply. The environmental impacts were assessed using the interaction of vegetation cover changes and the output flow rates in Ipo watershed. Using hydrologic modelling system, the hydrological balance using rainfall, vegetation and terrain data of the watershed was simulated. Over the years, there has been a decreasing land cover within the watershed caused mostly by deforestation and other human activities. This significant change in the land cover resulted to extreme increase in water discharge at all streams and rivers in the watershed and the water balance of the area were affected as saturation and shape of the land terrain changes.
Full text available upon request to the author

Article title: Estimation of River Discharge at Ungauged Catchment using GIS Map Correlation Method as Applied in Sta. Lucia River in Mauban, Quezon, Philippines
Authors: Cris Edward Ferrer Monjardin, Francis A. Uy, Fibor J. Tan
Publication title: IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering 216(1):012045, June 2017

Abstract:
This paper presents use of GIS Map Correlation Method, a novel method of Prediction of Ungauged Basin, which is used to estimate the river flow at an ungauged catchment. The PUB Method used here intends to reduce the time and costs of data gathering procedure since it will just rely on a reference calibrated watershed that has almost the same characteristics in terms of slope, curve number, land cover, climatic condition, and average basin elevation. Furthermore, this utilized a set of modelling software which used digital elevation models (DEM), rainfall and discharge data. The researchers estimated the river flow of Sta. Lucia River in Quezon province, which is the ungauged catchment. The researchers assessed 11 gauged catchments and determined which basin could be correlated to Sta. Lucia. After finding the most correlated basin, the researchers used the data considering adjusted parameters of the gauged catchment. In evaluating the accuracy of the method, the researchers simulated a rainfall event in the said catchment and compared the actual discharge and the generated discharge from HEC-HMS. The researchers found out that method showed a good fit in the compared results, proving GMC Method is effective for use in the calibration of ungauged catchments.
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/dbxvb7k

Article title: Wireless Smart Sensor Network System Using SmartBridge Sensor Nodes for Structural Health Monitoring of Existing Concrete Bridges
Authors: J. R. Gaviña, Francis A. Uy, John Paul Dagdagan Carreon
Publication title: IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering 216(1):012050, June 2017

Abstract:
There are over 8000 bridges in the Philippines today according to the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH). Currently, visual inspection is the most common practice in monitoring the structural integrity of bridges. However, visual inspections have proven to be insufficient in determining the actual health or condition of a bridge. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) aims to give, in real-time, a diagnosis of the actual condition of the bridge. In this study, SmartBridge Sensor Nodes were installed on an existing concrete bridge with American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Type IV Girders to gather vibration of the elements of the bridge. Also, standards on the effective installation of SmartBridge Sensor Nodes, such as location and orientation was determined. Acceleration readings from the sensor were then uploaded to a server, wherein they are monitored against certain thresholds, from which, the health of the bridge will be derived. Final output will be a portal or webpage wherein the information, health, and acceleration readings of the bridge will be available for viewing. With levels of access set for different types of users, the main users will have access to download data and reports. Data transmission and webpage access are available online, making the SHM system wireless.
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/nm3nx7p8

Article title: A household-level flood evacuation decision model in Quezon City, Philippines
Authors: Ma. Bernadeth B. Lim, Hector Lim, Mongkut Piantanakulchai, Francis A. Uy
Publication title: Natural Hazards 80(3), February 2016

Abstract:
Evacuation is one of the important preparedness measures in disaster management. It requires careful modeling and planning to minimize chaos and confusion during evacuation operations. The choice of decision-makers, whether to evacuate or stay in the area threatened by hazard, is an important aspect of evacuation travel behavior research. This is considered an essential input for evacuation modeling and planning. This study investigates the effects of various factors determining evacuation decision. A discrete choice model is proposed using the data collected through a face-to-face post-event survey from flood-affected households in Quezon City, Philippines. The model allows a choice among three alternatives of full, partial, and no evacuation. Results show that evacuation decision is determined by a combination of household characteristics and capacity-related factors (gender, educational level, presence of children, and number of years living in the residence, house ownership, number of house floor levels, type of house material), as well as hazard-related factors (distance from source of flood, level of flood damage, and source of warning). Findings in the study provide insights that can be considered by policy-makers in preparing for future evacuations. Appropriate programs can be designed to encourage full evacuation compliance of households that live nearest to the flood source and those living in houses with two or more floor levels who are more likely not to evacuate. Households with children can also be educated for full evacuation compliance since these households have higher probability to partially evacuate.
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/4af9axhr

Papers Presented:

Article title: Development of NCR's Transportation lifeline Condition Analysis Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ryan S. Evangelista, Francis A. Uy, Michael Bautista Baylon
Conference title: Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers Virtual Midyear Convention and Technical Conference 2021

Abstract:
The Department of Public Works and Highways has been updating their bridge inventory with data attributes that reached forty-two (42) from a total of two-hundred ninety-four (294) bridges all over the National Capital Region (NCR). Transportation lifeline includes bridges and flyovers, and these infrastructures will be vital in the metropolis resilience in the impending “Big One”. This lifeline consists majority of the infrastructure of the nation’s capital, where the skyway is another. Data-driven decision-making has been the more efficient to prove the prioritization of bridge maintenance due to the infrastructure’s natural deterioration. Thus, there is a need to utilize these data. This paper’s main objective is to create an artificial intelligence for the analysis of bridges using machine learning based on the data gathered from the DPWH detailed bridge inventory. Artificial intelligence works with the ability of a machine to perform cognitive functions associated with the human mind, which includes perception, reasoning, learning, and problem solving. Bridges in the nation’s capital were analyzed their conditions, as reflect-ed from the data gathered, using machine learning model. As per results, the training and test data build the Machine Learning Model (MLM) which will then be used for predicting bridge condition in Metro Manila; hence, the ability to maintain our metropolis infrastructure in a data-driven approach. The author believe that this study is relevant in the conference as this made use of data analytics, using collected data to achieve the purpose of identifying the possibility of adopting Artificial Intelligence in the NCR infrastructure maintenance. The study utilized digital platforms in the collection and processing of all the data which was done during the COVID 19 pandemic with many health protocols being implemented. This paper could serve as an initiative undertaking for Civil Engineers who practice transportation engineering providing platform to recommend sustainable maintenance of infrastructures using data analytics in the practice.
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/v29uxjb4

Article title: The Potential of New Data Sources in a Data-Driven Transportation, Operation, Management and Assessment System (TOMAS)
Authors: Francis A. Uy, Larry A. Vea, Matthew G. Binag, Keith Anshilo Diaz
Conference title: 2020 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)

Article title: Smart Watershed Monitoring for near Real-time Hydrologic Modeling in a Tropical Environment: The Case of Magat River Basin in Luzon, Philippines
Authors: Fibor J. Tan, Francis A.Uy, Cris Edward Ferrer Monjardin, Febus Reidj G. Cruz
Conference title: 2020 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)

Article title: Application of Artificial Neuro-Fuzzy Interference System in Rainfall-Runoff Modelling at Imus River, Cavite
Authors: Cris Edward Ferrer Monjardin, Francis A.Uy, Fibor J. Tan, Russel C. Carpio
Conference title: 2020 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)

Article title: Event Flow Measurements in Remote Tropical Watersheds in the Philippines: the Need for Automated Weather-proof Devices
Authors: Fibor J. Tan, Francis A.Uy, Cris Edward Ferrer Monjardin, Chennie Carissa A. Caja
Conference title: 2020 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)

Article title: Assessment of the Existing Drainage System in Infanta, Quezon Province for Flood Hazard Management using Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Cris Edward Ferrer Monjardin, Francis A.Uy, Fibor J. Tan, Franz Jayson P. Bale
Conference title: 2020 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)

Article title: Multi-Layered Artificial Neural Network Flood Prediction System with Rain Gauge, Temperature Humidity Pressure Sensor, Ultrasonic Sensor, Soil Moisture Sensor and Anemometer
Authors: Febus Reidj G. Cruz, Matthew G. Binag, Marlou Ryan G. Ga, Francis A. Uy
Conference title: 2019 IEEE 11th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management ( HNICEM )

Article title: Damage State Assessment of a Pre-Stress Concrete Girder (PSCG) Bridge using Non Linear Analysis for Real-time Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Katrina Montes, Krish Angelo Embalzado, Nikka Marie Sales, A. J. Sayno, et al.
Conference title: 6th Advance Materials, Mechanics, and Structural Engineering (6th AMMSE)At: Seoul, Korea

Abstract:
Philippines is located in the pacific ring of fire, which indicates that seismic movement is frequently happening. West valley fault line located in the central Luzon might move due to its 400 to 500 year recurrence, and the last recorded movement was on 1958. According to MMIERS, the movement of west valley fault with 7.2 magnitude earthquake can cause one of the biggest devastation in Metro Manila. In preparation for that, this study aims to assess the vulnerability of a pre-stress bridge against seismic movement by the aid of USHER technology. The USHER system includes structural assessment, remote sensing, and real time monitoring through the portal. This study will focus on the structural assessment of the bridge, which identify the acceleration limits that the bridge can endure to interpret different level of damage. As a result, by 10% of probability of exceedance from SEAOC using the moderate damage fragility curve, the results in three direction are 0.37641g in longitudinal axis, 0.366025g in transverse axis, and 0.394498g in the vertical direction. The most critical is in the transverse direction, which can produce a maximum of 67mm displacement of the bridge in the inelastic stage. In validation through the sensor, which has a reading from the smart bridge project, the maximum acceleration recorded was 0.138g. This concludes that the bridge is safe and no retrofitting works is need.
Full text available upon request to the author

Article title: Intelligent Transportation System: Traffic Load Monitoring and Remote Sensing Structural Health Monitoring of Critical Bridges in Metro Manila using Multi Modal Analysis
Authors: Katrina Montes, A. J. Sayno, L. C. Tani, J. M. Payawal
Conference title: 6th Advance Materials, Mechanics, and Structural Engineering (6th AMMSE)At: Seoul , Korea

Article title: Structural Health Monitoring of a Five-Story Reinforced Concrete School Building in Preparation for the Upcoming West Valley Fault Movement using USHER Technology
Authors: Katrina Montes, Krish Angelo Embalzado, Adrian Sayno, Francis A. Uy
Conference title: World Conference on Systems Engineering Research (WCSER-19)At: Singapore

Abstract:
Public school buildings are very essential in times of calamities because it serves as one of the evacuation facilities in the Philippines. In preparation for the upcoming movement of west valley fault line that will cause a major destruction of lives and properties in metro manila, this study aims to conduct a structural health monitoring on a five-story school building by the aid of wireless smart sensor and conducting capacity spectrum method. The sensor was installed on the ground floor of the building as stated on the national structural code of the Philippines. In addition to this, the second sensor was installed on the top most floor of the building to record the data experience by the structure itself. After the installation, the actual reading on the ground are 0.00196159g on longitudinal, 0.002137g on transverse, and 0.00206172g on vertical direction. The actual reading on the structure are 0.00221014g on longitudinal, 0.00192106g on transverse, and 0.00214517g on vertical direction. Compare to the 0.3g peak ground acceleration from the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology atlas and comparing also the threshold on the structure, it indicates that the building is safe at its current state. 0.3g serves as the threshold on ground while 0.3071g on longitudinal, 0.3725g on transverse, and 0.35g on vertical direction are the threshold on the structure, this serves as an initial guide in helping the building owners and structural engineers to decide if it is needed to conduct further structural assessment on the building.
Full text available upon request to the author

Article title: Development of Near Real-Time Audio-Visual Alarm System for the Philippine Earthquake Intensity Meter
Authors: Ivan Jonathan E. Merginio, Earl Quinn Christian Marcos, Edrianne Raquel, John Mark Payawal
Conference title: 2019 IEEE 10th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC)

Article title: Threshold determination for structural health monitoring and evaluation of Nagtahan Bridge
Authors: Michael Bautista Baylon, Francis Aldrine, Francis A. Uy, Katrina Mae
Conference title: Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers Midyear Convention 2019 Technical ConferenceAt: SMX Lanang Convention Center and CAP Convention Center, Davao City, PhilippinesVolume: 1

Abstract:
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is not new in the field of structural engineering and its application goes from the monitoring to evaluation of bridges, dams, buildings, and other similar structures. As per National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) Volume 1, the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of earthquake recording instruments (ERI) for buildings has been continually advancing, but not in the case of bridges and dams. The objective of this paper is to apply t he established sensor-driven accelerometer developed by USHER (Universal Structural Health Evaluation and Recording) system in the evaluation of Nagtahan Bridge in Manila; specifically, to determine the proper installation of the developed accelerometer in the identified critical parts of the bridge. SHM addresses the problem of structural integrity assessment and help in assuring repair cost to a minimal. SHM helps quantify the strength of a structure by identifying the damage. Often evaluations are made using visual inspection and by age consideration. Most of the time, the use of this type of evaluation tend to be expensive. Repairs are not directed to the damaged component alone but the whole structure. Hence, the expenditure expands. SHM with the application of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Sensors (MEMS) will allow gathering of data that can be converted in the form of the structure' s modal properties (i.e. natural frequency, mode shape, and damping ratio). Structural health is then determined and be ready to compare it to the structural model simulation results. A method was developed to incorporate seismic fragility curves to determine the thresholds for the evaluation of the structural health.
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/zvjem234

Article title: Seismic evaluation of Padre Jacinto Zamora Bridge using USHER Technology
Authors: Michael Bautista Baylon, Francis Aldrine, Francis A. Uy, Katrina Mae, et al.
Conference title: 19th Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines International, June 2019

Abstract:
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is not new in the field of structural engineerin g and its application goes from the monitoring to evaluation of bridges, dams, buildings, and other similar structures. As per National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) Volume 1, the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of earthquake recording instrument (ERI) for buildings has been continually advancing, but not in the case of bridges and dams. The objective of this paper is to apply the established sensor-driven accelerometer developed by USHER (Universal Structural Health Evaluation and Recording) system in the evaluation of Padre Jacinto Zamora Bridge in Manila; specifically, to determine the proper installation of the developed accelerometer in the identified critical parts of the bridge. SHM addresses the problem of structural integrity assessment and help in assuring repair cost to a minimal. SHM helps quantify the strength of a structure by identifying the damage. Often evaluations are made using visual inspection and by age consideration. Most of the time, the use of this type of evaluation tend to be expensive. Repairs are not directed to the damaged component alone but the whole structure. Hence, the expenditure expands. SHM with the application of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Sensors (MEMS) will allow gathering of data that can be converted in the form of the structure's modal properties (i.e. natural frequency, mode shape, and damping ratio). Structural health is then determined and be ready to compare it to the structural model simulation results. A method was developed to incorporate seismic fragility curves to determine the thresholds for the evaluation of the structural health. Capacity spectrum method was utilized to derive the seismic fragility function.
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/f2a3467b

Article title: Threshold determination using bi-hazard fragility curves for the evaluation of structural health monitoring of USHER technology
Authors: Michael Bautista Baylon, Francis A. Uy, M. S. Montes, Krish Angelo Embalzado
Conference title: 2019 6th International Conference on Advanced Materials, Mechanics and Structural EngineeringAt: Seoul Korea

Abstract:
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is not new in the field of structural engineering and its application goes from the monitoring to evaluation of bridges, dams, buildings, and other similar structures. As per National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) Volume 1, the Implementing Rules of earthquake recording instrumentation of buildings has been continually advancing, but not in the case of bridges and dams. The objective of this paper is to apply the established sensor-driven accelerometer developed by USHER (Universal Structural Health Evaluation and Recording) system in the evaluation of Padre Jacinto Zamora Bridge in Manila; specifically, to determine the proper installation of the developed accelerometer in the identified critical parts of the bridge. SHM addresses the problem of structural integrity assessment and help in assuring repair cost to a minimal. SHM helps quantify the strength of a structure by identifying the damage. Often evaluations are made using visual inspection and by age consideration. Most of the time, the use of this type of evaluation tend to be expensive. Repairs are not directed to the damaged component alone but the whole structure. Hence, the expenditure expands. SHM with the application of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Sensors (MEMS) will allow gathering of data that can be converted in the form of the structure's modal properties (i.e. natural frequency, mode shape, and damping ratio). Structural health is then determined and be ready to compare it to the structural model simulation results. A method was developed to incorporate seismic fragility curves to determine the thresholds for the evaluation of the structural health. Capacity spectrum method was utilized to derive the seismic fragility function. A Monte Carlo Simulation was used to derive the flood fragility curves.
Full text available upon request to the author

Article title: Cost Impact Analysis on the DPWH Guideline and Implementing Rules on Earthquake Recording Instrumentation for Private Buildings using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis-Analytical Hierarchy Process (MCDA- AHP) in the City of Manila
Authors: Vince Conrad Alfonso, Melvin Bagsit, Michael Bautista Baylon, J. D. Reyes, et al.
Conference title: 6th International Conference on Advanced Materials, Mechanics and Structural EngineeringAt: Seoul Korea

Abstract:
Philippines lie in the Pacific Ring of Fire, a region where earthquakes and other seismic activities are frequent. Through the NBCDO Memorandum Circular No. 01 Series of 2015, The DPWH Guidelines and Implementing Rules on Earthquake Recording Instrumentation for buildings was implemented with the objectives of: (1) ensuring the safety of building occupants by determining the condition of buildings, and (2) collecting earthquake related data during major seismic activities. Despite being signed on March 12, 2015, the compliance rate of the buildings here in the City of Manila was low. The purpose of this study is to determine the cost impact of the said guidelines to building owners using MCDA-AHP; as well as to identify the amount needed to equip the City of Manila. The research was carried out having SHM experts (for AHP) and building owners (for MCDA) as the respondents for the corresponding parts of the study. The results show that the equipment price has the biggest impact to the building owners and their willingness to pay for ERIs is lower compared to the market.
Full text available upon request to the author

Article title: Threshold determination using bi-hazard fragility curves for the evaluation of structural health monitoring of USHER technology
Authors: Michael Bautista Baylon, Francis A. Uy, Katrina Mae, Santiago Montes, et al.
Conference title: Climate Smart and Disaster Resilient ASEAN International ConferenceAt: The Bayleaf Hotel, Intramuros, Manila, Philippines

Abstract:
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is not new in the field of structural engineerin g and its application goes from the monitoring to evaluation of bridges, dams, buildings, and other similar structures. As per National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) Volume 1, the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of earthquake recording instrument (ERI) for buildings has been continually advancing, but not in the case of bridges and dams. The objective of this paper is to apply the established sensor-driven accelerometer developed by USHER (Universal Structural Health Evaluation and Recording) system in the evaluation of Padre Jacinto Zamora Bridge in Manila; specifically, to determine the proper installation of the developed accelerometer in the identified critical parts of the bridge. SHM addresses the problem of structural integrity assessment and help in assuring repair cost to a minimal. SHM helps quantify the strength of a structure by identifying the damage. Often evaluations are made using visual inspection and by age consideration. Most of the time, the use of this type of evaluation tend to be expensive. Repairs are not directed to the damaged component alone but the whole structure. Hence, the expenditure expands. SHM with the application of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Sensors (MEMS) will allow gathering of data that can be converted in the form of the structure's modal properties (i.e. natural frequency, mode shape, and damping ratio). Structural health is then determined and be ready to compare it to the structural model simulation results. A method was developed to incorporate seismic fragility curves to determine the thresholds for the evaluation of the structural health. Capacity spectrum method was utilized to derive the seismic fragility function. A Monte Carlo Simulation was used to derive the flood fragility curves.
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/4f9v5wjc

Article title: Structural Health Monitoring of Footbridge Using Wireless MEMS Accelerometers With Fast Fourrier Transform
Authors: Febus Reidj G. Cruz, Ramon G. Garcia, Karl Jason B. Manait, Wyndale John D. Jastillano, et al.
Conference title: 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)

Article title: Compression of Wireless Sensor Node Data for Transmission based on Minimalist, Adaptive, and Streaming Compression Algorithm
Authors: Chad Ferrino P. Abuda, Meo Vincent Caya, Febus Reidj G. Cruz, Francis A. Uy
Conference title: 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)

Article title: Flood Prediction Using Multi-Layer Artificial Neural Network in Monitoring System with Rain Gauge, Water Level, Soil Moisture Sensors
Authors: Febus Reidj G. Cruz, Matthew G. Binag, Marlou Ryan G. Ga, Francis Abalos Uy
Conference title: TENCON 2018 - 2018 IEEE Region 10 Conference

Article title: Development of Improved Acoustic Disdrometer Through Utilization of Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Febus Reidj G. Cruz, Ma. Madecheen S. Pangaliman, Timothy Amado, Francis Abalos Uy
Conference title: TENCON 2018 - 2018 IEEE Region 10 Conference

Article title: Triaxial MEMS digital accelerometer and temperature sensor calibration techniques for structural health monitoring of reinforced concrete bridge laboratory test platform
Authors: Ronnie Concepcion II, Febus Reidj Cruz, Francis Abalos Uy, Jesse Baltazar, et al.
Conference title: 2017 IEEE 9th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM )

Abstract:
Structural health monitoring (SHM) is an advancing area in the field of structural engineering. The main objective of SHM is the verification of structural health and status in order to ensure proper performance and cost savings for maintenance using nondestructive tests. It is not limited to diagnosis but is extended to prognosis of what are the standards to implement in order to mitigate such destruction of civil infrastructures. However, there are still implementation issues such as improper calibration of sensors resulting to poor data integrity. This study is concerned in reducing the inconsistency of characteristics of the ADXL345 accelerometer and DS18B20 temperature sensors in laboratory and working conditions. Experimental design was employed in this study. Combined inclination sensing and subwoofer-setup calibration technique was employed to six accelerometers, which yielded 95.796% accuracy. Two-point calibration technique was employed to twelve temperature sensors, which yielded 90.960% accuracy. Less than 10 %, which is considered highly accurate measurement, were yielded from measuring structural vibration and temperature, and environment temperature data from a reinforced concrete bridge test platform. Thus, the proposed experimental study addressed successful enhancement of sensing characteristics of sensors.
Full text available upon request to the author

Article title: Structural health monitoring of existing concrete bridges with AASHTO Type IV girder using Smartbridge Sensor Nodes
Authors: Jan Aldrich R. Gavina, Francis A.Uy, John Paul Dagdagan Carreon
Conference title: 2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)

Article title: Automated Real-time Monitoring System (ARMS) of hydrological parameters for Ambuklao, Binga and San Roque dams cascade in Luzon Island, Philippines
Authors: Cris Edward Ferrer Monjardin, Francis A. Uy, Fibor J. Tan, Febus Reidj Cruz
Conference title: 2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)

Article title: Data calibration of the actual versus the theoretical micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) based accelerometer reading through remote monitoring of Padre Jacinto Zamora Flyover
Authors: John Mark G. Payawal, Francis A. Uy, John Paul Dagdagan Carreon
Conference title: 2017 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)

Article title: Understanding the Decision of Flood Evacuation Departure Time Using Discrete Choice Model
Authors: Ma Bernadeth Borleo Lim, Hector Lim, Mongkut Piantanakulchai, Francis A. Uy
Conference title: 11th Eastern Asia Society for Transportation StudiesAt: Cebu City Philippines, 2015

Abstract:
Modeling evacuation departure time is primarily essential in evacuation demand modeling. In this study, a discrete choice model is used to understand the decision of evacuation departure time of households in flood affected areas in Quezon City, Philippines. Specification of the model is also validated. Results of the study provide useful insights for evacuation planners. Households put importance on hazard-related factors and their capacity to cope with flood when making their decisions. Factors that determine the flood evacuation departure time constitutes the type of work of the head of the household, house ownership, the number of house floors, distance of their homes from the source of flood, and the flood level.
Full text link: https://tinyurl.com/a3pz444e

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