Sex: Male
Education:
- Doctor of Philosophy in Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, 2003
- Master of Science in Manufacturing Engineering, De La Salle University, 1992
- Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering, University of San Jose Recoletos, 1983
Field of Specialization:
Manufacturing
Product design and development
Automation and robotics
Robotics
Physical rehabilitation
Mechatronics
Automation
Rehabilitation
Clinical Engineering
Medical Informatics
Researches:
Article title: Haptic Feedback to Detect Obstacles in Multiple Regions for Visually Impaired and Blind People
Authors: Aaron Raymond See, Leonheart Van M. Costillas, Welsey Daniel C. Advincula, and Nilo T. Bugtai
Publication title: Sensors and Materials 33(x):1, March 2021
Abstract:
Focus on the development of assistive devices for visually impaired and blind people (VIBs) to provide assistance in their safety and mobility has increased, but making such devices portable is still a challenge. We propose a system for localized obstacle avoidance with a haptic-based interface for VIBs implemented using a robotic operating system (ROS) to improve the obstacle detection of existing assistive devices. With a depth camera sensor, an obstacle localization algorithm was developed utilizing the ROS framework to identify key regions to detect head-level, left/right torso-level, and left/right ground-level obstacles. The proposed wearable device provides a discernible array of haptic feedback to convey the perceived locations of obstacles. The system was tested by blindfolded volunteers to determine the accuracy in determining object locations in various environments. Experimental results showed the consistency of the system across different setups. The obstacle detection algorithm was optimized and evaluated to discriminate noises and concurrently detect smaller obstacles, thus making detection more robust. Subsequently, the Eulerian video magnification method was used to determine the level of vibration isolation for a prototype.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/2fdccc4j
Article title: Quality Assessment and Prediction of Philippine Mangoes: A Convolutional Neural Network Approach
Authors: Carlos Matthew P. Cases, Annamitz A. Rapliza, Francisco Emmanuel T. Munsayac Jr. III, Nilo T. Bugtai, Robert Kerwin D. Billiones, Renann G. Baldovino
Publication title: International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering and Information Technology 9(6):2128, December 2019
Abstract:
Philippines is one of the world’s leading exporter of mangoes. The country produces many varieties of mangoes, one of which is the ‘Carabao’ mango. Several metric tons of mangoes are produced, and these have to be checked for defects before entering the market. With recent advances in technology, it has become efficient and relatively easy to use for these applications. The objective of this paper is to present a non-destructive method to check the quality of mangoes using computer vision (CV) and convolutional neural network (CNN) with a minimal number of samples. An experimental setup was created to simulate a production line. A webcam was used for capturing images of the mangoes, while a mini computer was used for controlling the peripherals. As basis for categorizing the mangoes as either good or bad, the Philippine National Standard (PNS) for mangoes was used. A basic background subtraction algorithm was used to extract the mango’s image. With these extracted images, a 2-category network was trained, and the achieved classification accuracy was 97.21%. The goal of having a high accuracy in classifying mangoes was achieved. There are multiple paths to explore in the future, including additional feature extraction methods, different neural networks, and hardware improvements, in order to speed up the sorting process. Moreover, it may be necessary to be able to identify mangoes with only slight defects to be used for other products, such as dried mangoes, to reduce product wastage.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/494j3rzx
Article title: Active Motor Control for an Upper Extremity Exoskeleton
Authors: Michael V. Manguerra, Paul Dominick E. Baniqued, Alexander C. Abad, Jade R. Dungao, Nilo T. Bugtai
Publication title: Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 24(11):8837-8840, November 2018
Abstract:
An active control system for a 5-DOF upper limb robotic exoskeleton was developed to fill in the need for an accessible and cost-effective rehabilitation system. Since physical therapy sessions are labor intensive, it aims to be a tool in augmenting the capacity of local rehabilitation centers in catering more patients. Many different control systems were already done on similar devices but the challenges remain in adapting to the limits of the mechanical design of the exoskeleton it is implemented on and availability of local electronic components. The rectified EMG Signal was further smoothened thru Running Average. Trials were done on a healthy subject due to limited access to stroke patients. Target muscles are Biceps and Triceps for Elbow Flexion and Extension; Deltoids and Teres Major for Shoulder Abduction and Adduction. Experimental results showed that baseline EMG and activation level of the target muscle groups are different from each other, thus different threshold levels were established. An adaptive algorithm was also implemented in varying the supplied power depending on the applied load on the arm. Stall conditions via the current sensor was monitored and used as positive feedback. The system was successful in interpreting intent to move and translating it to motor movement. System was evaluated and validated via consultations with medical collaborators from PGH Department of Rehabilitation Medicine. As part of Project AGAPAY, under the guidance of the Philippine Biomedical Device Innovation Consortium (BIOMEDIC PH), this thesis aims to be a benchmark in rehabilitation robotics here in the Philippines.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/2p8f2a47
Article title: Burnishing of aerospace alloy: A theoretical–experimental approach
Authors: Tao Zhang, Nilo, Bugtai, Ioan D. Marinescu
Publication title: Journal of Manufacturing Systems 37(2): 472-478, October 2015
Abstract:
Burnishing is well known as a very effective surface enhancement method for manufacturing. The current work focuses on obtaining predictable models of surface roughness and residual stresses based on experimental data. Smoother surfaces of aerospace material modified by ball burnishing have been achieved and significant influences of process parameters on both surface roughness and maximum residual stresses are established. A second-order empirical model involving pressure, speed, and feed is developed for surface roughness prediction. The predictive values are compatible with experimental results. Pressure plays an important factor on compressive residual stresses; however, the empirical models only have qualitative compatibility with the experimental results.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Towards the development of more human-like robotic therapy devices: A review
Authors: Armyn C. Sy and Nilo T. Bugtai
Publication title: IEEE Workshop on Health Care Management (WHCM), 2010
Abstract:
Over the past decade, more and more robotic devices have been tested in the physical rehabilitation setting. While initial results from some devices indicate signs of improvements in subject's motor functions, some studies reveal the contrary. The contradicting results from these studies highlight the need of optimizing the design strategies of robotic therapy devices. In the absence of clear scientific basis for the designs of such devices, researchers should rely on proven principles of physical rehabilitation practices. In order to achieve their goals, robotic devices should become more human like in connecting intent with actions.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Information models in an integrated fixture decision support tool
Authors: N. Bugtai and R. I. M. Young
Publication title: Journal of Materials Processing Technology 76(1-3):29-35, April 1998
Abstract:
An important part of modern design and manufacture is to ensure that effective manufacturing decisions are made as early as possible in the product introduction process. The software tools which can support the broad decision making needs of engineers require further research. A potentially effective approach in this area is the use of information models, which can provide information support to a range of applications, in an integrated CAD/CAM environment. The key problem discussed is the structure of information models to support the interactions between fixture design, process planning and product design. A software support environment is described which consists of three key areas; product information, manufacturing capability information and a set of fixturing decision support applications. The issues related to the data structures required for product and manufacturing capability models are discussed and potential object-oriented solutions are proposed. A selected prismatic workpiece has been used, in conjunction with a variety of fixture types and machine tools, to illustrate the approach taken.
Full text available upon request to the author
Papers Presented:
Article title: Design of a Fuzzy System for Detecting Estrus from Intravaginal Temperature, pH and Resistance
Authors: Tanya V. Olegario, Rhen Anjerome Bedruz, Danica Mitch M. Pacis, Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Accurate estrus detection is important to maximize the profit of livestock farms, particularly those practicing artificial insemination. Behavioral changes are the easiest to monitor, but they are affected by several factors and have become less apparent over the years. An alternative would be to monitor changes in temperature, vaginal discharge pH or vaginal discharge resistance. The problem, still, is that each method has its own disadvantages. To alleviate these, a multi-parameter approach, coupled with a fuzzy-based decision support system is recommended. In this paper, a fuzzy system which takes the time since the animal was last in estrus (TIME), and measurements of intravaginal temperature (TEMP), pH (PH) and resistance (RES), then gives the probability (PROB) that the animal is in estrus, is presented. The system was developed by conducting a literature review, and later simulated using the fuzzy logic toolbox of MATLAB. An overview of the system was presented.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Issues and Challenges of Rehabilitation Robots for the Lower Limb and the Importance of Trunk Control Integration
Authors: Czaryn Diane S. Ompico, Gabriel C. Pastrana, Edwin D. Subido, Julius Noel Banayo, Francisco Emmanuel T. Munsayac, Renann G. Baldovino, Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
With advantages in accuracy and reliability, the use of rehabilitation robots is already being used for instances such as stroke or post-surgical rehabilitation, which mainly uses lower limb rehabilitation. However, lower limb muscles are not the only muscles involved in lower limb activities. Trunk muscles are vital in supporting the body while performing functional activities like standing, sitting, and walking. Despite its importance, this is rather a neglected area of lower limb rehabilitation robots. Previous studies in stroke rehabilitation were focused on the upper and the lower extremities. The paper summarizes the most known and recent research of lower-limb rehabilitation robots and how trunk muscles are often missed out. In addition, various tools for measuring trunk performance, stability, or control were presented. Lastly, the importance of integrating trunk control in lower limb rehabilitation devices was discussed.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: A Single-DOF Haptic Feedback Controller for Robotic-assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors: Francheska B. Chioson; Noelle Marie D. Espiritu; Francisco Emmanuel T. Munsayac; Ryan Christoper R. Dajay, Fersen N. Jimenez, Michael Bryan S. Santos, Renann G. Baldovino, Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
In minimally invasive surgery (MIS), haptic or force feedback control is used when the visual feedback is insufficient or unavailable. Haptics, or haptic technology, which is essential in simulating touch, provides both the kinesthetic and the tactile feedback. The lack of haptics in robotic-assisted MIS hinders the progression of operation when visual feedback reaches its limit. This paper aims to develop a single degree-of-freedom (DOF) haptic handle controller, using a proportional-integral (PI) control, that can quantify up to 1-N of force.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Recent Advancements in Robotic Minimally Invasive Surgery: A Review from the Perspective of Robotic Surgery in the Philippines
Authors: Francheska B. Chioson; Noelle Marie Espiritu; Francisco Emmanuel Munsayac; Fersen Jimenez; Delfin Enrique Lindo, Michael Bryan Santos, Jeffrey Reyes, Levi Joseph Abraham F. Tan, Ryan Christoper R. Dajay, Renann G. Baldovino, Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
This paper provides an overview of the recent advancements of robotic surgery, specifically in robotic minimally invasive surgery, focusing on the direction of robotic surgery in the Philippines. A brief introduction of robotic surgery is followed by the standards of the FDA on the general application of robotic surgical systems. This paper explores the different existing robotic systems and gives a brief description of their background, features, and its status regarding FDA-approval. The devices included in the discussion are restricted to complete robot surgical systems described as containing at least 1 robot arm with and end effector tool. Included in the list of systems are the Da Vinci, Raven, Mirosurge, Sehance, Flex Robotic, Versius and Sport. The paper also discusses the current status of the Philippines with regards to the availability and its position in the implementation of robotic surgical systems. The review concludes with a summary of the current advancements in robotic surgical systems, highlighting the most technologically advanced features of the current systems, and an overview of the future directives of the Philippines with regards to robotic surgery.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Implementation of a Bilateral Teleoperation Haptic Feedback Controls to Robotic Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors: Francheska B. Chioson; Noelle Marie D. Espiritu; Francisco Emmanuel T. Munsayac; Ryan Christoper R. Dajay, et al.
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Although technological advancements in robotic minimally invasive surgery (RMIS) have refined maneuverability and the risk of conducting surgical procedures, RMIS nonetheless necessitates that the surgeon is disassociated with the laparoscopic tool. By this very nature, RMIS elicits the approximation of pressure applied to the patient. Current robotic systems have a unilateral control structure, which lacks force feedback. The implementation of a force feedback system to monitor physical interactions between the robot and the patient provides the surgeon with an accurate force sensation. For this paper, the research aims to develop a Direct Force Reflection bilateral teleoperation system for a laparoscopic grasper. A force sensor was placed on the grasper to measure the amount of force needed for the controller. Likewise, an encoder was used to determine the angle of the grasper. Factors such as temperature and system response time were observed in the study to verify the performance of the bilateral teleoperation system.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Design and Analysis of a Robotic Articulating Laparoscopic Instrument End Effectors
Authors: Francisco Emmanuel T. Munsayac; Francheska B. Chioson; Noelle Marie D. Espiritu; Fersen N. Jimenez, et al.
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Laparoscopic surgery has many advantages compared to open surgeries that makes it a better choice. For this study, the design and analysis of different robotic articulation laparoscopic instrument end effectors were explored. The optimal design including the constraints encountered in actual applications of the shears, graspers, and electrocauteries were also explored. The design verification was done through the use of finite element analysis and kinematic analysis using the CATIA simulation software. The simulation result and data shows the range of displacements and maximum Von Mises stress that each component will undergo, and including the thermal characteristic of the electro cauterizer.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: A Decision Tree-based Classification of Diseased Pine and Oak Trees Using Satellite Imagery
Authors: Tanya V. Olegario; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Tree diseases contribute to the reduction of forest areas over the years and early detection of these diseases is essential to prevent its rapid spread and eventually provide immediate cure. In this study, the Japanese pine wilt (JPW) and the Japanese oak wilt (JOW) diseases were used. These two tree diseases were detected using high-resolution satellite imagery. JPW is a lethal disease that brought damagr and devastation to the greater number of pine trees in Japan which is primarily brought by the pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus). JOW, on the other hand, is a vector-borne disease caused by a symbiotic fungus spreaded by the flying ambrosia beetle (Platypus quercivorus) that serves as a vector. A machine learning (ML) algorithm based on decision tree (DT) was implemented and programmed using the ML repository dataset obtained from the University of California, Irvine (UCI). The data will be used to classify image segments into two types: diseased or wilted trees, and others. The trained algorithm was able to classify the image segments with a high accuracy of 98.14%.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: An EMG-based Gesture Recognition for Active-assistive Rehabilitation
Authors: Carlos Matthew P. Cases; Renann G. Baldovino; Michael V. Manguerra; Voltaire B. Dupo; Ryan Christoper R. Dajay, et al.
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Physical disabilities affect many people worldwide, but therapies and rehabilitation can help one's recovery. Rehabilitation can be done manually. However, modern developments in technology enabled the use of robotics in rehabilitation, and has proved to be with comparable effectivity with manual rehabilitation. In line with this, a locally developed rehabilitation for upper limb extremities was developed. Regarding features, it can be at par with commercially available rehabilitation devices. To further improve the developed device, an algorithm to assist the user while rehabilitation is studied. Electromyography (EMG) based signals were used for input. Multiple models were compared, namely artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector machines (SVM), and recurrent neural networks (RNN). Six feature extraction techniques were used for training. These are integrated EMG (IEMG), root-mean-square (RMS), discrete wavelet transform (DWT), fast Fourier transform (FFT), waveform length (WL), and zero crossing (ZC). The best performing algorithm based on processing speed and training time was with IEMG as feature extraction technique, and ANN as training algorithm. Recorded training time was at 21 seconds, with the model's accuracy averaging at 96.3% and its processing time logged at 203 milliseconds. It was also interfaced with the existing rehabilitation device via simulation. Future directives include baseline compensation, correction techniques for muscle fatigue, and gathering data from healthy subjects and actual stroke patients.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Prototyping a Prosthetic Arm for Ulnar and Radial Deviation
Authors: Robert Kerwin C. Billones; Joshua M. Lim; Ricardo Cardenas; Michael V. Manguerra; Ryan Rhay P. Vicerra; Nilo T. Bugtai;
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
This study presents a design of a prosthetic arm which is intended for transradial and wrist disarticulated amputees. The prosthetic wrist aims to perform ulnar and radial deviation. It incorporates a Myo Ware muscle sensor and integrates it with an Arduino Uno to actuate the servo motors which can drag the load of a mannequin hand. Surface electromyogram (EMG) signals that is gathered from the forearm are used to control the angle of servo motors.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Design and Testing of a Robotic Articulating Laparoscopic Instrument using the Pig Model Simulation Approach
Authors: Noelle Marie D. Espiritu; Francisco Emmanuel T. Munsayac; Jeffrey Reyes; Levi Joseph Abraham F. Tan, et la.
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Laparoscopy is a minimally-invasive surgical procedure which involves the patient that is operated upon by making small incision holes into the individual's body instead of the conventional open surgery. To address the ergonomic issues and economical expenses of traditional laparoscopy procedure, a robotic articulating laparoscopic instrument serves as an alternative option due to the ease of its manoeuvrability. To seek the device's efficiency towards its operation, a pig model simulation test was conducted. Swine are considered to be one of the major animal species used in translational research, surgical models, and procedural training.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: A Systematic Evaluation of the Philippine Innovation Ecosystem
Authors: Robert Kerwin C. Billones; Carlos Matthew P. Cases; Tanya V. Olegario; Ryan Rhay P. Vicerra; Nilo T. Bugtai, et al.
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
While innovative ideas are the basis for most startup companies, a prolific and supportive innovation ecosystem is needed for these ideas to come to fruition. A systematic method to properly determine and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of a particular innovation ecosystem must be achieved. This research study presents a systematic evaluation of the Philippines' innovation ecosystem based on Oxentia's guide for evaluating a typical entrepreneurial ecosystem known as “The Elements Review”. This guide lists each element to be evaluated and grouped it into four areas: 1) Universities, 2) Government, 3) Businesses, and 4) the Third Sector. The original “Elements Review” used a color descriptor system to visualize the state of the innovation ecosystem. This research study proposed a number rating system to replace the color descriptor system. Each element was given a rating between 1 to 3. A rating of “1” is the lowest performance, while a rating of “3” is the highest performance. The average scores for each element area are Universities/RTOs = 2.33, Government = 2.4, Businesses/Industry = 2.5, and the Third Sector = 1.4.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: A Technical Review on Existing pH Detection and Monitoring Technology for in-Vivo Diagnostic Application
Authors: Ruth Maica C. Gonzales; Danica Mitch M. Pacis; Nilo T. Bugtai; Janella Marie M. Cu
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Monitoring the pH levels is widely known as an important parameter in the diagnosis, identifying treatment, and determining the state of fertility for mammals (e.g. humans, cattle). Therefore, understanding the sensor technology and the effects and how it is utilized to specific identifiers of bodily pH is needed. This paper will evaluate and compare existing pH sensors and determine which among the sensors can be considered the most appropriate for specific invivo applications. With the data presented it can be concluded that ISFET-based pH sensors are the most appropriate having the biggest advantage of commercial availability.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: A Neural Network Approach in Reducing Offset Printing Spoilages on Solid Bleached Boards
Authors: Tristan Joseph C. Limchesing, Renann G. Baldovino, Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Offset printing is the process in which the image is offset from a plate to a rubber blanket, then following to the printing surface. With the combination of the lithography, which depends on the aversion of oil and water, this technique produces a flat accurate image representation. One of the leading problems for offset printing industries are the spoilages. Spoilages greatly reduce profits due to the unsold rejected products that were produced. With corporations innovating new ways to improve their operations, this study will use an artificial neural network to analyze and predict the spoilage output per job run based on the inputs, ink quality, machine grade, design complexity, and raw material quality. The platform that is used is MATLAB. This software has great neural network capabilities that are widely used around the globe by leading data scientists. Data is obtained in excel format from the company that the researcher has come in contact with. The company has agreed to share some data as long as some of the information such as suppliers and brands that are serviced are not disclosed. The undisclosed information is not significant for the neural network; therefore, the data is sufficient enough to work on. With the results gathered and analyzed from the neural network system, it can be concluded that this research has been able to predict the spoilage output of a job run to a certain extent due to limited data. Recommendations, however, include a better standardization for the inputs, and more data gathered for the database in order to obtain more accurate results.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Implementation of Neural Network for the Liver Disease Classification
Authors: Tristan Joseph C. Limchesing, Nilo T. Bugtai, Renann G. Baldovino
Conference title: 2020 International Conference on Applied Science and Technology (iCAST)
Abstract:
The liver is a valuable internal organ, however having different entities pass through this organ makes it vulnerable to various pathologies. This paper presents using an intelligent system technique to diagnose a patient for possible liver condition. Using an artificial neural network (ANN), the liver patient dataset from the University of California, Irvine (UCI) repository was inputted to be used as training data to make an effective predictive model. The developed model was tested for accuracy by using a confusion matrix. The proposed network model was able to attain an accuracy of around 70%.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: An Automated Controls for the Liver Transplant Preservation Machine
Authors: Tristan Joseph C. Limchesing, Madon L. Arcega, Marie Bernadette A. Tuazon, Joshua Paul L. Manalili, et al.
Conference title: 2020 3rd International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (IBIOMED)
Abstract:
With the current method of liver preservation through chilled preservation solution, surgeons are restricted with a time constraint to complete a liver transplant, which greatly decreases the donor pool of liver grafts. The objective of this study is to develop, assemble, and test a cost effective medical machine that is designed to prolong the preservation time span of a donate liver that would be used for transplantation. The medical machine should be able to maintain physiological parameters similar to the body. The machine must be able to maintain a pH level of 6.8 to 7.4, a temperature level of 36.5 to 37.5 °C, and a continuous fluid flow within the machine, with a flow rate of 200 to 300 mL/min for the hepatic artery and 600 to 900 mL/min for the portal vein. The pH module system was able to produce accurate pH readings and serve as a reliable, autonomous pH adjuster. For the flow rate, the machine will be able to maintain the desired rate for at least 8 hours. Furthermore, the monitoring system has accurately displayed the parameters that was needed and was able to save patient records through a database system.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Electromagnetic shielding to improve EMC of a robotic medical device
Authors: Voltaire Dupo, Francis Belista, Vernicka de Sagun, Nilo Bugtai, Rennan Baldovino1, Alexander Abad, and Jade Dungao
Conference title: The 4th Biomedical Engineering’s Recent Progress in Biomaterials, Drugs, and Development, Health, and Medical Services Devices: Proceedings of the International Symposium of Biomedical Engineering (ISBE) 2019
Abstract:
Electromagnetic compatibility has been part of both R&D and product development for a long time. However, only a hand-full of these projects undergo the test for compliance. These are usually products from big companies or those sold in areas where certain requirements are needed to enter the market. In the case of medical devices, the Comité International Spécial des Perturbations Radioélectriques (CISPR) standard, is used in certain countries. This research revolves around the steps taken to comply with the CISPR 11 and CISPR 22 standards. Different methods and materials were used in combinations and are tested to observe the improvement in bringing the device to comply with electromagnetic safety standards. Moreover, this research would aid others who are trying to design their own medical device to fruition. Thus, give basis for them to try and experiment with their own set of radiation shielding.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: A cost-effective method of assessing practicability of electromagnetic shielding materials
Authors: Voltaire Dupo, Francis Belista, Vernicka de Sagun, Rennan Baldovino, Alexander Abad, Jade Dungao, and Nilo Bugtai
Conference title: The 4th Biomedical Engineering’s Recent Progress in Biomaterials, Drugs, and Development, Health, and Medical Services Devices: Proceedings of the International Symposium of Biomedical Engineering (ISBE) 2019
Abstract:
As various international and government institutions have decreed that electronic devices must adhere to electromagnetic safety standards before they enter the market, electromagnetic shielding has become an important aspect of design considerations. Various materials at different price points have specific characteristics that may cause them to become either optimal or ill-fitting for specific applications, however, testing their shielding capability can be difficult without the expensive equipment in testing facilities. In this paper, a handheld electromagnetic (EM) meter was used in a simplified test set up to assess the shielding effectiveness of 6 shielding materials: silver sleeve, steel mesh, conductive ABS, Al tape, and Al metallised film. Silver sleeve, Al tape, and Al metallised film were chosen to shield a robotic medical device based on their shielding capability, cost-effectiveness, and design flexibility. The CISPR 11 radiated emissions test results of the robotic medical device validated the shielding effectiveness of the materials chosen showing that the handheld EM meter was able to assess the materials’ shielding capability.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Expression Tracking with OpenCV Deep Learning for a Development of Emotionally Aware Chatbots
Authors: Karmelo Antonio Lazaro R. Carranza, Joshua Manalili, Nilo T. Bugtai, Renann G. Baldovino
Conference title: 2019 7th International Conference on Robot Intelligence Technology and Applications (RiTA)
Abstract:
Affective computing explores the development of systems and devices that can perceive, translate, process, and reproduce human emotion. It is an interdisciplinary field which includes computer science, psychology and cognitive science. An inspiration for the research is the ability to simulate empathy when communicating with computers or in the future robots. This paper explored the potential of facial expression tracking with deep learning to make chatbots more emotionally aware through developing a post-therapy session survey chatbot which responds depending on two inputs, interactant's response and facial expression. The developed chatbot summarizes emotional state of the user during the survey through percentages of the tracked facial expressions throughout the conversation with the chatbot. Facial expression tracking for happy, neutral, and hurt had 66.7%, 16.7%, and 56.7% tracking accuracy, respectively. Moreover, the developed program was tested to track expressions simultaneously per second. It can track 17 expressions with stationary subject and 14 expressions with non-stationary subject in a span of 30 seconds.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Vision-based Liquid Level Detection in Amber Glass Bottles using OpenCV
Authors: Mikhael Anthony A. Felipe, Tanya V. Olegario, Nilo T. Bugtai, Renann G. Baldovino
Conference title: 2019 7th International Conference on Robot Intelligence Technology and Applications (RiTA)
Abstract:
All manufacturing processes, from raw material processing to electronics fabrication, require quality control to ensure consistency across all products of same specifications. It helps establish the reputation of a certain brand, gain customer loyalty, and maximize profit. In the bottle filling industry, it is important to ensure that the amount of product in each bottle is consistent with the packaging label. Less than that, the company may lose customers and face legal consequences; more and the company loses profit by giving more than what was marketed. This study makes use of a vision-based technique in detecting the liquid level in amber glass bottles. The proposed system has applied Python and OpenCV for the pre-processing and image processing. Moreover, the study was successful in detecting and classifying filled bottles into three categories: under-fill, within target and over-fill.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: BCI-controlled Smart Wheelchair for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients
Authors: Noelle Marie D. Espiritu, Senrong Ainsley C. Chen, Tiffany Ann C. Blasa, Francisco Emmanuel T. Munsayac, et al.
Conference title: 2019 7th International Conference on Robot Intelligence Technology and Applications (RiTA)
Abstract:
This paper presents the retrofitting and conversion of a standard manually-operated wheelchair to a smart device. This includes the use of an electroencephalography (EEG) based computer interface (BCI) control and integration of an easy-to-assemble mount for the portable power unit that does not require any special tools. An EMOTIV Insight headset was used as the main EEG device. The EEG device is connected to a PC that will be used to send signals to the microcontroller via Bluetooth. Then, these signals will be used to control the speed and direction of the friction-drive power units composed of two-wheel hub type motors each held by a fabricated holder and two 12-VDC batteries in their own fabricated holders. Also, an emergency stop was added for safety usage and operation.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: A Soft Robotic Tentacle Robot Arm for Inspection Sytem on Manufacturing Lines
Authors: Tristan Joseph C. Limchesing, Rhen Anjerome Bedruz, Argel Bandala, Nilo Bugtai; Elmer Dadios
Conference title: 2019 IEEE 11th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management ( HNICEM )
Abstract:
With the emerging sector of new industrial age is afoot, innovations are made every day in order to cope with new technologies. Maintenance and regular repairs are key roles in keeping the industry as efficient as possible. With maintenance, safety is paramount in order to prevent accidents and further delays in production. In order to tackle issues for inspecting hazardous and tight spaces, this study utilizes soft robotics technology in aiming to achieve an efficient and cost-effective means to safely inspect tight and hazardous spaces. Soft Robotics is a field in robotics that specializes in materials that are flexible and elastic. Their movements mimic movements that are often found in nature. The soft robotic arm that will be accomplished in this study is a soft robotic tentacle arm with a mounted camera for inspection. This is especially good in reaching places that have limited spaces. The soft robotic arm will be actuated pneumatically and will have an electronic pneumatic microcontroller for its activation. A minicamera will also be mounted on the tip of the robotic arm for the inspection system. With the results and data gathered, it shows that this system can effectively maneuver using its electronic pneumatic controllers. The soft robot arm is also stable enough for the mini camera to be mounted on.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: A pH Regulation System for Perfusion Machine Using Computer Vision and Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Tristan Joseph C. Limchesing; Rhen Anjerome Bedruz; Ryan Rhay Vicerra; John Anthony Jose; Nilo Bugtai
Conference title: 2019 4th Asia-Pacific Conference on Intelligent Robot Systems (ACIRS)
Abstract:
As current liver perfusion machines use pH probes for monitoring the acidity level in their machine, it poses an increased risk of contamination due to the probes direct contact with the blood, which would then greatly increase the risk of transplant failure. In order to detect pH levels of blood in a liver perfusion machine with minimal contact, this study will use computer vision as a tool in detecting and the given ph. In order to determine the pH level of blood, multiple computer vision techniques with built in knowledge-based systems will be used in the study. The knowledge-based system will continue to improve overtime as more data is collected. In this study, perfusion liquid will be used as the medium for blood due to ethical concerns. The pH is regulated using fuzzy logic control from the data taken from the pH detection system. Through the data taken from the results, it shows that this system when compared to the traditional pH monitoring system is accurate and viable in determining the pH level of the blood. And the system is viable in regulating the pH level of the system effectively.
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Article title: Development and future trends in the application of visualization toolkit (VTK): The case for medical image 3D reconstruction
Authors: Welsey Daniel C. Advincula, Jose Antonio G. Choco, Kryzz Amiel G. Magpantay, Leonard Angelo N. Sabellina III1, Jolo Gerard Miel F. Tolentino1, Renann G. Baldovino1,a), Nilo T. Bugtai, Aaron Raymond See, and Yi-Chun Du
Conference title: Second International Conference of Mathematics (SICME2019)
Abstract:
Three-dimensional reconstruction of medical images plays a vital role in clinical medicine and medical research. It serves as a powerful tool to help doctors analyze multiple 2D medical images in a 3D perspective. The developed 3D model offers a faster and accurate approach in clinical diagnosis and therapy. Before, the development of 3D reconstruction programs it has always been a challenge to visualize in a 3D perspective but with the advent of powerful computing and graphics processing, medical imaging equipment development is on the rise. The advancement of 3D image reconstruction is not only due to the innovative hardware, but also because of the increase in open-source platforms or libraries, such as visualization toolkit (VTK), that assist on its development to provide an information visualization framework and advanced 3D modeling techniques. VTK is an object-oriented 3D graphics software program that is free to obtain and used both for open- and closed-source applications such as 3D computer graphics, image processing, and visualization. In medical imaging, data from ultrasound systems, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) scans can be managed in VTK. Different algorithms of image processing such as color mapping, image re-slicing or resampling, iso-contouring, thresholding, and other algorithms can be utilized to make volume images from the data. Subsequently, data presentation is simplified with the data reconstruction through the use of supplemental software for analysis. VTK library contains a large number of filters, which are multi-threaded to facilitate parallel processing and interpretation. In this paper, recent technologies on the application of VTK for 3D reconstruction of biomedical images will be presented. Moreover, current methodologies will be discussed to clearly understand the different integral steps needed in image data conversion.
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Article title: Multi-label Classification of pH Levels using Support Vector Machines
Authors: Raphael Benedict G. Luta; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
This paper developed an intelligent system application for the multi-label classification of pH levels. The pH is a measure of how acidic or how basic a substance is. The use of supervised learning methods may serve as a cheaper and more reliable alternative for pH level measurement. In this study, hue-saturation-value (HSV) color data were used for the training and testing the developed model. The obtained dataset has four field attributes including the output. Support vector machine (SVM) classification was the supervised learning tool used to model the classification system. 1410 samples from the dataset were used for the training (987 samples) and the testing (423 samples). Moreover, several kernel functions such as polynomial and radial basis function (RBF) kernel were examined when designing the classification system. Model evaluation through metric functions show that the trained SVM with a polynomial kernel has a 99.41% accuracy. As a result, the developed model was able to produce multiple decision hyperplanes for the multi-label classification task.
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Article title: Design and Force Analysis of the Robot End-effector of a Semi-Automated Laparoscopic Instrument using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Hisami Takeishi; Francisco Emmanuel T. Munsayac; Francheska B. Chioson; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Laparoscopic surgery is a procedure where small incisions are made compared of the conventional open surgery that involves large incisions. Despite having the benefit of faster healing and fewer scars, it is very difficult to operate due to tight spaces and awkward positions of the surgeons. To overcome such difficulties, a semi-automated laparoscopic instrument was designed. It features joint articulation and has 4 degrees of freedom (DOF). Verification of the design is needed to tell whether it meets the needed operation specification. In this paper, a design of the joint articulating end-effector with a grasper of laparoscopic instrument was presented. The finite element analysis (FEA) package of CATIA V5 was used for the design analysis. The constraints were determined upon starting the FEA while the connections and contacts between the parts were also determined. Several FEA connection types were determined based on the relationship among the parts. A 5-N force, based on the average human liver weight, was applied to the tip of the end-effector. Results presented the errors of the assembly analysis, Von Mises stress and maximum deformation of the assembly. It was concluded that the design was capable of the 4DOF movements, which are the following: rotation along the axis, 90° shaft bending, grasp clamping action and end-effector rotation. A more accurate finite element analysis was performed when the parts are assembled and the overall stress and deformation acquired was also within acceptable range of operation.
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Article title: A Machine Learning Approach for Coconut Sugar Quality Assessment and Prediction
Authors: Lea Monica B. Alonzo; Francheska B. Chioson; Homer S. Co; Nilo T. Bugtai; Renann G. Baldovino
Conference title: 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
This study presents a machine learning approach to accurately assess the quality of coconut sugar using RGB values. Python and scikit-learn were used to run the following machine learning algorithms: artificial neural network (ANN), stochastic gradient descent (SGD), k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) algorithm, support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT) and random forest (RF). Comparisons were made between the aforementioned machine learning algorithms by evaluating the accuracy and the average running time of each training model. Results of the study show that the SGD is superior in terms of accuracy but falls short to k-NN and SVC in terms of running time. In this fashion, a plot between the accuracy and the running time was made and it was observed that algorithms with higher accuracies correspondingly have also higher running times. By this very nature, experimental results show that the SGD holds merit in accurately assessing the coconut sugar quality, despite its expense in running time.
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Article title: Tensile Strength Prediction of Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottle Ropes using Neuro - fuzzy
Authors: Danica Mitch M. Pacis, Edwin DC. Subido; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
With the huge amounts of plastic bottles being consumed and disposed daily, people have been using different techniques to recycle. One way is to convert them into strings that will be made into plastic ropes. This paper aims to predict the tensile strength of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle ropes using neuro-fuzzy approach given the following inputs: average thickness of strand, strand width, and the number of strands used. Actual data parameters from a previous research, applying design of experiment (DOE), will be utilized as the training and testing data of the network. Moreover, a comparison between the outputs of the neuro-fuzzy model and the statistical model will be shown. The generated fuzzy rules will be analyzed at certain conditions and compared with the optimization results of previous research. Results showed that although the network has very low training errors, testing errors were higher than acceptable values.
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Article title: Design of a Web-based and Electronic Health Record Management System for Medical Teleconsultation
Authors: Nicole Jillian B. Day; Karmelo Antonio Lazaro R. Carranza; Lawrence Matthew S. Lin; Albert R. Ponce, et al.
Conference title: 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
In the Philippines, one problem in the healthcare industry is the maldistribution of doctors, which greatly affects the accessibility of patients to proper healthcare. In 2015, 59.2% of deaths in the country are attributed as deaths unattended by a doctor. The use of a telepresence system is a viable solution as doctors can still provide healthcare services even his patients are situated remotely. One limitation of medical teleconsultation is the lack of medical features. This study developed a telepresence system, which includes a robot with integrated medical devices such as otoscope, stethoscope, and ultrasound probe. Also, the study integrated a wireless data hub that hosts the web application and electronic health record (EHR) management system. The database structure was created using MySQL. Using HTML5 and Flask, the web application was developed as a mean for users to create, store, and access the user and patient information, remotely control the movement of the robot, allow two-way video telecommunication with minimal delay even at low internet speeds of as low as 400Kbps, and receive real time feed from the medical devices integrated in the robot. Tested by invited medical professionals, the developed application has the following results on usability metrics: 93.89% completion rate, 93.58% over relative efficiency, highly satisfied users, and high system usability score (SUS) of 82.5.
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Article title: Classification and Determination of pH Value: A Decision Tree Learning Approach
Authors: Francheska B. Chioson; Francisco Emmanuel T. Munsayac; Raphael Benedict G. Luta; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
In chemistry, the potential of hydrogen (pH) level is the measure of the acidity or basicity among substances. Generally, this level is determined through the use of a type of indicator dipped into an aqueous solution. A standard pH scale is used to classify the liquid as either basic or acidic. In this paper, the decision tree (DT) learning was implemented using the classification and regression trees (CART) algorithm in classifying whether a substance is basic or acidic. The input data used in this study is the HSV (hue, saturation, value) color space with their corresponding pH level, ranging from 0 to 14. A total of 1,410 data samples were used in which 70% were assigned for training and 30% for testing. Results displayed a high accuracy of 95.3%. Thus, DT algorithm is an effective choice in classifying the pH level of a substance.
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Article title: A Force Sensing-based Pneumatics for Robotic Surgery using Neural Network
Authors: Hisami Takeishi; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai; Elmer P. Dadios
Conference title: 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Nowadays, the use of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is popular due to its small incision and faster recovery compared to open surgery. However, small working envelopes due to the use of multiple trocars restrict the use of MIS instruments. Performing a complicated surgical operation requires a very skillful surgeon. Many researches on the use of robotic surgery were proposed and developed recently. With robots, operation accuracy can improve significantly, reducing labor intensity and minimizing the effect of human errors. One of the critical parameters of robotic surgery is force sensing. There are several force sensing types and one of them is sensing with the use of pneumatic cylinder. This force sensing utilizes compressible air characteristics and does not require any sensor on the instrument tip. This method is superior to other sensing techniques in terms of structure. Its only drawback is the modeling and computational complexity. Pneumatics has high non-linearity generated by air compressibility. In order to sense force accurately, a complex model needs to be established. In this study, neural network was used to estimate the external force on a pneumatic cylinder. The pneumatic system model was developed in MATLAB R2018a that takes into consideration the compressibility and the friction. To simulate the network model, a direct external force was applied to the pneumatic cylinder. Results provided a high accuracy of force estimation using the proposed model.
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Article title: Design of a Mobile and Desktop Application Platform for Hospital Triaging System
Authors: Raphael Benedict G. Luta; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
This study developed a desktop and mobile application platform for hospital triaging system. Triaging is the process of determining the treatment priority of patients in a hospital. The knowledge-base of the system is able to store and allow access to patients' triage profiles, which consists of the name, age, gender, medical information and triage category. The developed graphical user interface (GUI) includes several user experience features that make the system easier to use. The system was made into an application that can be used for desktop and mobile devices. The application was tried and tested out by registered nurses, who answered sets of questionnaires containing walk-in patient triage scenarios with the help of the application. The general feedback given by the nurses was that the application was easy to use, convenient, that the application made the triaging process faster and more continuous compared to the manual triaging process.
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Article title: Trends in telemedicine utilizing artificial intelligence
Authors: Danica Mitch M. Pacis, Edwin D. C. Subido Jr., and Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: AIP Conference Proceedings 1933(1):040009
Abstract:
With the growth and popularity of the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in several fields and industries, studies in the field of medicine have begun to implement its capabilities in handling and analyzing data to telemedicine. With the challenges in the implementation of telemedicine, there has been a need to expand its capabilities and improve procedures to be specialized to solve specific problems. The versatility and flexibility of both AI and telemedicine gave the endless possibilities for development and these can be seen in the literature reviewed in this paper. The trends in the development of the utilization of this technology can be classified in to four: patient monitoring, healthcare information technology, intelligent assistance diagnosis, and information analysis collaboration. Each trend will be discussed and presented with examples of recent literature and the problems they aim to address. Related references will also be tabulated and categorized to see the future and potential of this current trend in telemedicine.
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Article title: Biomimetics in the design of a robotic exoskeleton for upper limb therapy
Authors: Paul Dominick E. Baniqued, Jade R. Dungao, Michael V. Manguerra, Renann G. Baldovino, Alexander C. Abad, and Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: AIP Conference Proceedings 1933(1):040006, February 2018
Abstract:
Current methodologies in designing robotic exoskeletons for upper limb therapy simplify the complex requirements of the human anatomy. As a result, such devices tend to compromise safety and biocompatibility with the intended user. However, a new design methodology uses biological analogues as inspiration to address these technical issues. This approach follows that of biomimetics, a design principle that uses the extraction and transfer of useful information from natural morphologies and processes to solve technical design issues. In this study, a biomimetic approach in the design of a 5-degree-of-freedom robotic exoskeleton for upper limb therapy was performed. A review of biomimetics was first discussed along with its current contribution to the design of rehabilitation robots. With a proposed methodological framework, the design for an upper limb robotic exoskeleton was generated using CATIA software. The design was inspired by the morphology of the bones and the muscle force transmission of the upper limbs. Finally, a full design assembly presented had integrated features extracted from the biological analogue. The successful execution of a biomimetic design methodology made a case in providing safer and more biocompatible robots for rehabilitation.
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Article title: A bio-inspired design of a hand robotic exoskeleton for rehabilitation
Authors: Aira Patrice R. Ong and Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: AIP Conference Proceedings 1933(1):040008, February 2018
Abstract:
This paper presents the methodology for the design of a five-degree of freedom wearable robotic exoskeleton for hand rehabilitation. The design is inspired by the biological structure and mechanism of the human hand. One of the distinct features of the device is the cable-driven actuation, which provides the flexion and extension motion. A prototype of the orthotic device has been developed to prove the model of the system and has been tested in a 3D printed mechanical hand. The result showed that the proposed device was consistent with the requirements of bionics and was able to demonstrate the flexion and extension of the system.
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Article title: Recent technological advancements in laparoscopic surgical instruments
Authors: Edwin D. C. Subido Jr., Danica Mitch M. Pacis1, and Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: AIP Conference Proceedings 1933(1):040007, February 2018
Abstract:
Laparoscopy was a progressive step to advancing surgical procedures as it minimised the scars left on the body after surgery, compared to traditional open surgery. Many years later, single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) was created where, instead of having multiple incisions, only one incision is made or multiple small incisions in one location. SILS, or laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS), may produce lesser scars but drawbacks for the surgeons are still present. This paper aims to present related literature of the recent technological developments in laparoscopic tools and procedures particularly in the vision system, handheld instruments. Tech advances in LESS will also be shown. Furthermore, this review intends to give an update on what has been going on in the surgical robot market and state which companies are interested and are developing robotic systems for commercial use to challenge Intuitive Surgical’s da Vinci Surgical System that currently dominates the market.
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Article title: Implementation of a normalized cross-correlation coefficient-based template matching algorithm in number system conversion
Authors: Francisco Emmanuel T. Munsayac; Lea Monica B. Alonzo; Delfin Enrique G. Lindo; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2017 IEEE 9th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM )
Abstract:
In digital image processing, template matching is a technique used for finding or searching for areas of an image that could either match or be similar to the template image. In this study, an algorithm that utilizes both Python programming and the OpenCV library for template matching in number system conversion was successfully demonstrated. Images containing binary numbers were tested for template matching and converted to string. Then, these strings were converted to their respective decimal equivalents. It was found that OpenCV offers a tool that is easy to use for systems that require recognizing patterns of an image. Furthermore, it was observed that the ease of use is accompanied with various limitations such as dependence to pre-processing or having fixed scale, rotation, font, and background color.
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Article title: Image preprocessing using quick color averaging approach for color machine vision (CMV) systems
Authors: Raphael Benedict G. Luta; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2017 IEEE 9th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM )
Abstract:
Image preprocessing is a preceding technique that an image undergoes before being subject to a main process. This is necessary since most unprocessed images are hard and sometimes impractical to manipulate. A color machine vision (CMV) system is an application where colors of a certain image is used with vision techniques. Some CMV applications in the industry include inspection, sorting, indication, detection, and measuring. However, CMV has limitations like proper lighting, camera calibration, etc. Due to its limitations, preprocessing techniques are essential to its success. With that, this paper proposed the application of quick color averaging as an image preprocessing technique for CMV applications. Color averaging is the process of changing the color values of the pixels of an image contour to the mean color value of all the pixels in the contour. From the results, this study concluded that color averaging using vision techniques is viable for image preprocessing in machine vision. Recommendations for future studies that may improve the color averaging process were also suggested.
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Article title: Design implementation of a sketch isolation algorithm: A computer vision-based approach
Authors: Delfin Enrique G. Lindo; Ezekiel Karl A. Cotoco; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2017 IEEE 9th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM )
Abstract:
The process of digitizing sketches requires the intermediary process of scanning an actual paper. Through a computer-based program presented in this paper, the sketch, which is the foreground, is digitally extracted and isolated from the background creating a similar mask for a digital image. Through the sketch isolation process, prior sketches are excluded from the mask thus allowing individual editing of the most recent sketch. The gradient of the paper from the camera does not show in the final image, but instead shows a clean white background. The program does the process instantaneously allowing live sketch digitizing. It is suggested that the application be improved through the use of neural networks. The resolution of the final image was only as good as the input image, but it can be improved by converting it to a vector based graphic format the sketch will be easily scalable without losing detail through pixelation.
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Article title: A noncontact pH level sensing indicator using computer vision and knowledge-based systems
Authors: Raphael Benedict G. Luta; Anthony Christopher L. Ong; Selwyn Jenson C. Lao; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai; Elmer P. Dadios
Conference title: 2017 IEEE 9th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM )
Abstract:
A computer vision-based approach in identifying the pH level of a substance requires the use of multiple computer or machine vision techniques which include image processing, and object/contour detection, counting, or tracking. This paper proposes a pH level indicator system with knowledge-based systems (KBS) which has the capability of detecting, tracking, and identifying the level of a pH level indicator image. Moreover, the data that the system utilizes derives from KBS instead of being explicitly programmed. Furthermore, the study has a graphical user interface which allows the operator to easily use the system. The user may also add data to the knowledge-base, which means that the system improves over time. Compared with the traditional pH monitoring setup, the results in this study show that a computer vision-based approach is viable in determining the pH level of a substance.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Design Implementation of a Tedding Mechanism for Grain Sun Drying
Authors: Edwin DC. Subido, Jr.*, Danica Mitch M. Pacis, Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: DITECH 2017: 5th DLSU Innovation and Technology (DITECH) Fair
Abstract:
The rice paddy drying process is one of the most crucial procedures in rice production as it greatly affects the quality of the output as it is used to achieve the correct percent moisture in the paddy. One process in managing the pavement solar drying process involves manually tedding the paddy, which refers to the manual process of turning over and spreading out grain, a process still widely used today by Filipino farmers. This is due to it being the cheapest and cleanest method available. The automation of this process will not only have a better management of the time it is tedded but can increase the quality of the rice paddy. This study aims to design a tedding mechanism for grain sun drying. Different designs include a tossing design, a plow design, a vacuum design, and a sweeper wheel design. The selected mechanism was fabricated and tested for its effectivity. Results show that the model can sweep up and collect grains laid on a pavement with an error of less than 3%.
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Article title: Assessment of User Needs in the Design of a Wearable Robot for Neurorehabilitation
Authors: Paul Dominick E. Baniqued and Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: DLSU Research Congress
Abstract:
Robot-assisted rehabilitation systems have been clinically proven to be just as effective in stroke rehabilitation as with the traditional methods. In particular, robotic exoskeletons for the upper limbs are powered wearable devices designed to be aligned with the user's joints and linkages. Current methods in product design simplifies the complex requirements of the human upper limb, thereby compromising the comfort and safety of the injured patient. In rehabilitation robotics, it is important to consider the user needs and requirements of such a device early in its design phase. This study demonstrates how the assessment of user needs participate in the design of a wearable robot for the rehabilitation of Filipino and Asian patients. A review of existing devices and their design features was presented to rehabilitation doctors from the Philippine General Hospital which was followed by an interview about their own experiences during therapy. The results of the discussion were translated into a list of user requirements for wearable robots in neurorehabilitation. After which, corresponding importance ratings from both the design engineers and their medical collaborators were assigned to arrive with a matrix that determines the final design priorities and specifications of the device. This study was successful in evaluating at least fifteen (15) of the user needs in consideration. The results of this study was then used in the design of a 7-degree-of-freedom robotic exoskeleton for patiens with Filipino and Asian body types. This approach enables medical device developers to have prior knowledge of existing design problems and use it to incorporate user-centricity and compatibility with their current design.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/2p8r8zas
Article title: Research on the Application of Internet of Things (IoT) Technology Towards A Green Manufacturing Industry: A Literature Review
Authors: Danica Mitch M. Pacis, Edwin DC. Subido, Jr., and Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: DLSU Research Congress 2017
Abstract:
The continuing and rapid growth of technology and science will evidently reflect in the demands of the manufacturing industry. Due to this, an increase in the production of waste, gas emissions, and power consumption will occur in manufacturing production. Although, the use of alternative renewable energy sources is becoming popular due to the effects of climate change caused by pollution and the use of fossil fuels is slowly decreasing. This paper aims to present the current environmental problems contributed by of the manufacturing industry, identify the main causes brought by unmanaged waste and industrial practices, and the solutions of manufacturers to address these, based on available literature. Available technologies will be presented as a solution to these problems particularly the use of Internet of Things (IoT) in the industry, or Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Existing technologies and possible areas of implementation discussing the advantages will be discussed.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/yzxf56wf
Article title: Development of a telepresence robot for medical consultation
Authors: Nilo T. Bugtai, Aira Patrice R. Ong, Patrick Bryan C. Angeles, John Keen P. Cervera, Rachel Ann E. Ganzon, Carlos A. G. Villanueva, and Samuel Nazirite F. Maniquis
Conference title: AIP Conference Proceedings 1817(1):040002, February 2017
Abstract:
There are numerous efforts to add value for telehealth applications in the country. In this study, the design of a telepresence doctor to facilitate remote medical consultations in the wards of Philippine General Hospital is proposed. This includes the design of a robot capable of performing a medical consultation with clear audio and video information for both ends. It also provides the operating doctor full control of the telepresence robot and gives a user-friendly interface for the controlling doctor. The results have shown that it provides a stable and reliable mobile medical service through the use of the telepresence robot.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Application of KinectTM and wireless technology for patient data recording and viewing system in the course of surgery
Authors: Aira Patrice R. Ong, Nilo T. Bugtai, Luis Miguel M. Aldaba, Astrid Valeska H. Madrangca, Giselle V. Que, Miles Frederick L. Que, and Kean Anderson. S. Tan
Conference title: AIP Conference Proceedings 1817(1):040004, February 2017
Abstract:
In modern operating room (OR) conditions, a patient’s computed tomography(CT) or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) scans are some of the most important resources during surgical procedures. In practice, the surgeon is impelled to scrub out and back in every time he needs to scroll through scan images in mid-operation. To prevent leaving the operating table, many surgeons rely on assistants or nurses and give instructions to manipulate the computer for them, which can be cumbersome and frustrating. As a motivation for this study, the use of touchless (non-contact) gesture-based interface in medical practice is incorporated to have aseptic interactions with the computer systems and with the patient’s data. The system presented in this paper is composed of three main parts: the Trek Ai-Ball Camera, the Microsoft Kinect™, and the computer software. The incorporation of these components and the developed software allows the user to perform 13 hand gestures, which have been tested to be 100 percent accurate. Based on the results of the tests performed on the system performance, the conclusions made regarding the time efficiency of the viewing system, the quality and the safety of the recording system has gained positive feedback from consulting doctors.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Design and Implementation of an Automated Stirring Robot for Rice Paddy Sun Drying
Authors: Jeremiah Lorenzo D. Frejas, Donnell Ace M. Lumanlan, Danica Mitch M. Pacis, Edwin D.C. Subido Jr., and Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: DITECH 2016: 4th De La Salle University Innovation and Technology Fair
Abstract:
This study addresses the many problems present in the labor intensive traditional rice paddy drying process-sun drying. This process exposes many Filipino workers to the harmful rays of the sun and when not properly managed, can risk the quality of the paddy. Rice paddy sun drying or solar drying is the cheapest and most economical process of drying paddy. This only requires an open area where the rice paddy can be laid and workers to monitor the drying. To maximize the heat provided by the sun and to achieve better quality rice paddy, the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) recommends to stir the paddy every 30 minutes to 1 hour for even drying. Due to the intensity of the task as well as the laying and collection process, millers fail to follow this recommendation. Thus, this affects the quality and leading them to the inclination of using mechanical dryers which are more expensive and have lower capacities. A design for an automated stirring robot will be give accuracy to this traditional drying process as it constantly checks the percent moisture of the paddy, monitors the field for even drying, and collects the paddy once it has dried. This study discusses the process of designing, fabricating, and analyzing the performance of the automated stirring robot for rice paddy sun drying.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/2p99djcm
Article title: Design Considerations in Manufacturing Cost-Effective Robotic Exoskeletons for Upper Extremity Rehabilitation
Authors: Paul Dominick E. Baniqued; Renann G. Baldovino; Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 8th IEEE International Conference Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
The development of robotic exoskeletons is a young and active area of research in multidisciplinary fields such as biomedical engineering. In upper extremity rehabilitation, several developments have been made for robotic exoskeletons to help regain motor function by means of repetitive and task-oriented exercises. However, the economics and availability of such devices remain an issue to be addressed especially for those in the developing regions where access to healthcare options are limited. This article presents an analysis of design criteria and considerations in manufacturing cost-effective robotic exoskeletons for upper extremity rehabilitation. A review of recently developed concepts, prototypes and commercially-available devices was performed to establish a set of guidelines in developing products with high feasibility for adoption. Most of the design criteria discussed in this article focused on wearability, safety, and performance. Finally, a discussion of the trend towards low-cost manufacturing was done to challenge researchers in addressing the need for a reliable and accessible healthcare system for upper extremity rehabilitation.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/445fn599
Article title: Effects of movement velocity, acceleration and initial degree of muscle flexion on bicep EMG signal amplitude
Authors: Armyn C. Sy, Nilo T. Bugtai, Arman D. Domingo, Shyr-Yi Maria Veronica Liang, Marc Laurence R. Santos
Conference title: 2015 International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
This study aims to determine the factors that affect the electromyography signal amplitude of human muscles. In a previous study, it was determined that increases in movement velocity and acceleration led to an increase in EMG signal amplitude. In this study, EMG signal amplitudes were investigated under varying degree of muscle flexion while at rest, by varying the angle of initial positions. Eight healthy subjects performed bicep curl movements with three different velocities at three different initial positions, with at least thirty movement repetitions each. The results were summarized, processed, and statistically analysed in order to show the relationship between the above stated factors and EMG signal amplitude.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Exploitation of 3-D printing technique in design and prototype of an eyeglass frame for Philippine Eye Research Institute
Authors: A.P.R. Ong; N.T. Bugtai; D.A. Francia; I.G. Ignacio; K.A. Tan
Conference title: 2015 International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Rapid prototyping techniques, including three-dimensional printing, have unlocked new possibilities to manufacture any given three-dimensional object into a model or prototype, directly from a CAD file through the additive deposition of individual cross-sectional layers of the part. Through the years, additive manufacturing has evolved from producing prototypes for form, fit and functional testing to producing final end-products for consumer use. The 3-D printing has made its mark for providing cost effective product along with making complex geometries possible. This paper gives an overview of a 3-D printing process and presents a case study for an innovative eyeglass frame design for the Philippine Eye Research Institute that addresses the problems with slipping of the nose pads of eyeglasses and irritation for wearing eyeglasses for a long period of time.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Development of an online refractive index monitoring system to detect the end point of transesterification reaction
Authors: Dana Mae S. Co, Nilo T. Bugtai; Luis F. Razon, Romeric F. Pobre
Conference title: 2015 International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
Refractive index is a physical property which can be used in determining the end point of transesterification in producing biodiesel. The traditional method in acquiring refractive index measurements takes place outside of a transesterification reactor making remote sensing impossible. In this study, a fiber optic cable was used to identify the appropriate wavelength to acquire the refractive index measurement of the mixture as well as fuzzy logic using proportional and derivative errors as its input in determining the end point of transesterification reaction. The different components are used to address real time data acquisition and processing in controlling the continuation or termination of the reaction. It showed that the transesterification reaction of refined, bleached, deodorized coconut oil and methanol using 1∶6 molar ratio and 0.003 (by weight of oil) of sodium hydroxide has a mean termination time of 80 minutes with +/− 10 minutes deviation and the percent error compared with measurements from traditional refractometer was less than 0.24%. In doing so, an online system for real time data acquisition and processing was established. The study provides an alternative way to automatically identify the end point of transesterification and successfully presents a method for remote sensing identifying the reaction termination timely to the mixture condition.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Velocity and acceleration induced response to bicep EMG signal threshold for motion intention detection
Authors: Armyn C. Sy and Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 2014 International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM)
Abstract:
A key factor in robotic-based physical rehabilitation is providing robotic assistance only when the subjects exert muscular effort and that movement intention does not translate into an actual physical movement. Thus, an accurate motion intention detection system plays an important role. This study focuses on the use of Electromyography signals (EMG) in detecting motion intention. Since this type of signals can be affected by factors including movement velocity and movement acceleration, it is therefore the objective of this research to determine how various levels of movement velocities, and acceleration would affect EMG signal amplitudes. Eight healthy subjects performed bicep curl movements at three different velocities with at least thirty movement repetitions each. The results were summarized, processed, and statistically analysed in order to show the relationship between the above stated factors and the dependent variable EMG.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Monitoring the Parameter Effects of Surface Grinding Process Using Temperature, Acoustic Emission and Force Measurement
Authors: Guoxu Yin, Tejas Nisal, Ioan D. Marinescu, Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: ASME 2014 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME 2014 International Conference on Materials and Processing and the 42nd North American Manufacturing Research Conference
Abstract:
Temperature, forces and acoustic emission measurements are employed for research into the mechanics of grinding and for process monitoring. Temperature measurement in grinding presents a number of challenges especially in wet grinding. Fluid can affect the precision of the measurement when using infrared technique or make a short circuit when using grindable thermocouple. This paper highlights the previous temperature measurement methods and introduces a new one for measuring. Acoustic Emission technique has the capability to provide efficient real-time knowledge and monitoring of the grinding process. AERMS values were used to analyses the process characteristics. This paper explores the relations between temperature, force, acoustic emission and roughness. Copyright © 2014 by ASME Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/bdevf38s
Article title: Development of a Portable Heart Monitoring System
Authors: N.T. Bugtai; S.U. Chan-Siy; J.E. Chua; J.A. Flores; J.L. Wang
Conference title: TENCON 2012 - 2012 IEEE Region 10 Conference
Abstract:
Coronary heart diseases are one of the most common causes of fatality. The need for a precautionary device that is able to monitor a person's critical vital signs arises. Portable Heart Monitoring System is able to arise to such demands. The device monitors the wearer's critical vital signs such as electrocardiograph, heart rate and body temperature. Physiological limits of normal heart rate and temperature values are set into the device in order to recognize the normality of the vital signs being acquired. In the event that values exceed the physiological limits set into the device, an alarm is automated to sound to be able to alert the wearer as well as the people around him of the abnormal vital signs being experienced. ECG cables are embedded into a vest worn by the wearer so that ECG signals would have more stability with the ECG cables decreased mobility. Three electrodes in contact with the wearer's torso are used to detect the electrocardiograph signals. The heart rate is then taken from computation of the distance between R-peaks of the electrocardiograph signals. The temperature is taken with the LM35 in contact with the wearer's armpits. A Z8 Encore Microcontroller processes the data and converts the signal to be fit for output on a LCD touch screen incorporated into the device. The device's display shows the ECG signal, updated every 3 seconds, the heart rate computed from the ECG signals and the real-time reading of the body temperature of the wearer.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Development of Robotic Arm Rehabilitation Machine with Biofeedback That Addresses the Question on Filipino Elderly Patient Motivation
Authors: Matthew AngLuke LimkaichongWinston PerezLyka SaysonNikka TampoNilo BugtaiEppie Estanislao-Clark
Conference title: Social Robotics - Second International Conference on Social Robotics, ICSR 2010, Singapore, November 23-24, 2010
Abstract:
Many robotic systems have been developed for assisting rehabilitating stroke patients. Their failure lies on the system design’s inability to motivate the patients to voluntarily conduct different activities that could stretch the impaired arm to its limit and help improve its condition. This paper presents the development of a robotic arm which allows the stroke patients’ active involvement in their rehabilitation through real-time biofeedback. It also evaluates the condition of the patients based on their performance and sends this feedback so therapists or doctors can monitor patients’ improvements. This project espoused a recommended strategy on patient motivation, that is, to embed therapy within the framework that provides patients with monitoring and interaction with therapists. Initiated for the needs of Filipino stroke patients, this paper presents its acceptability in the light of Filipino values.
Full text available upon request to the author
Article title: Speech Enhancement Using 4-Element Microphone Array Beamforming Combined with Blind Signal Separation
Authors: Rodrigo C. Muñoz and Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: International Engineering Research Conference 2010 (IERC 2010)
Abstract:
Blind signal separation is known as a powerful tool for enhancing noisy speech in many real world environments. In this paper, the detail properties and structure of the newly proposed null beamforming-blind separation (NBF-BSS) algorithm is discussed. The performance of the blind signal separation is improved using directional information of sources. The beam patterns of the null beamformer, blind signal separation, and the combination of the two are investigated. It is shown that directional null reduces mainly direct parts of the unwanted signals whereas blind source separation reduces reverberant parts as well as direct parts. Increasing the number of microphone sensors converge into faster and improved separation by removing the direct parts first by null beamforming. Simulation results using real office recordings confirm the expectation.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/4v8jrpra
Article title: Semi-Automated Vertical Flatbed Lifter
Authors: N.T. Bugtai, Q.J.H. Cai, D.J.T. Cheng, M.J.T. Lao, S.C. Cokeng
Conference title: 2nd ASEAN University Network – Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development Network - Regional Conference in Manufacturing Engineering 2009 (AUN/SEED Net – RC ManuE 2009)
Abstract:
Service oriented companies are facing maintenance problem due to constant bad weather conditions during the rainy season. Most warehouses have large land areas having numerous warehouses to be leased to customers. These warehouses have a maximum ceiling height of 9 meters or around 30 feet. One of the primary operations of the company is the repair and maintenance of these warehouses. The repair and maintenance activities include, but are not limited to the following: lifting of heavy objects, renovation of the warehouses, repainting works, roofing repairs, electrical and wiring jobs, repair and replacement of lights and fixtures, and various cleaning activities. During these activities, the maintenance personnel need to lift heavy objects while traversing scaffoldings for overhead works. Majority of these above activities require two or more personnel and the use of scaffolding to do minor repair jobs is time consuming.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/bdfrjxtr
Article title: Development of an Automated Reverse Vending Aluminum Cans Crusher
Authors: N.T. Bugtai, A.K.B. Cham, E.V.Y. Fong, T.A. Serrano, H.C. Syki, G.S. Yu
Conference title: Science and Technology 2009 Congress and DLSU
Abstract:
Through the years, the price of aluminum has been increasing due to economic factors globally. In spite of it, people still tend to overlook the fact that the aluminum scrap thrown away is recyclable and beneficial; only scavengers collecting these aluminum scrap are the ones who partake in the process of recycling. Aside from that, there is currently no reverse vending machine that crushes aluminum cans and gives off the equivalent monetary value in the Philippines. Therefore, the problem is how to design and fabricate an automated reverse vending aluminum can crusher. The Automated Reverse Vending Aluminum Can Crusher (ARVACC) was able to attain high level of confidence in achieving the set parameters for accepting and rejecting aluminum cans inserted. The machine’s coin dispenser can accumulate coins for more than one (1) transaction. It has the ability to display “OFFLINE” when the bin is already full or if there is no money available. It effectively reduces the can’s volume by as much as 33% of the original size and has a minimum transaction of one (1) can. Overall, the machine was able to achieve the objectives set and was able to prove that it is reliable enough to be placed in public.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/yc5shptm
Article title: Mechatronics Education at Bulacan State University
Authors: Nasher G. Jimenez, Erwin dR. Magsakay, Nilo T. Bugtai
Conference title: 10th International Workshop on Research and Education in Mechatronics
Abstract:
The exigency of a new multidisciplinary engineering philosophy transpires within many industries in dealing with the challenges of integrating their human and technical resources to achieve concurrency in all operations over the last few decades. Currently, in the Philippines, there was a growing technology gap between the graduates produced by many state colleges and universities to the demands of high technology industry as results of various collaborations. To address this escalating problem, a group of experts with proven competency in their respective engineering fields relevant and vital to mechatronics was formed among faculty members of Bulacan State University [BulSU] to spearhead the development of a full blown mechatronics engineering curriculum in the undergraduate level in response to the call for a new and advanced engineering discipline. This paper discusses the emergence as well as advancements, designs, implementation framework, and future directives of BulSU Mechatronics Engineering.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/unsc2ex5
Article title: Modular Design of an Automatic Storage and Retrieval System
Authors: Nilo T. Bugtai, Erwin DR. Magsakay, Nasher G. Jimenez
Conference title: 4th Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control Environment and Management (HNICEM 2009)
Abstract:
Technology industries are facing with, many State Colleges and Universities [SUCs] in the Philippines are still stucked - up to the traditional engineering systems and old fashioned approaches that hampers the assimilation of advanced manufacturing systems and innovative technologies in engineering field. Thus, larger knowledge gap and great technology mismatch between industry and academe were become evident as results of various collaborations. This paper presents the modular design of ASRS components utilizing the asynchronous transfer system towards the realization of a fully automated material handling system. The acceptable efficiency rating of each component and the integrated subsystems were achieved through practical testing. Recommendations for enhancements on the integrated systems were discussed.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/32dfvvnf
Article title: Gait Data Acquisition System with Integrated Pedobarograph and Imaging System
Authors: B.P. Peralta, J.A. Geslani, B.M. Lee, C.C. Agustin, A.A. See , N.T. Bugtai
Conference title: 4th International Conference and Exhibition on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM 2009)
Abstract:
Gait related problems can be addressed with the use of qualitative and quantitative data. In the current Philippines’ setting, doctors rely only on their skills and experience on analyzing their patients’ gait patterns. Gait analyzing systems are available abroad but are very expensive. The proponents created a low cost system that integrated a pedobarograph and gait-imaging system which can be locally available. The imaging system is composed of an image capturing device, a desktop computer, and reflective markers. The cameras capture the walking pattern, and then save the images which can be reloadable. The gait system measures the degree of angle displaced by the joints of the limbs during walking. After processing 269 images captured by the imaging system, the results show that the system has an average of 2.2% error and is 97% reliable in having an error of less than 5.0% for its angle measurements. The pedobarograph part is composed of a force plate, a signal conditioning circuit and a data acquisition system. The pressure readings are voltage signals processed by the motherboard. On the GUI of the program, colors were used to display relative pressure readings; black for off and no contact, blue for low pressure, and red for high pressure. It was found out that in order to capture a complete stance phase events of a walk, the patient must walk along the platform at least three times per session. The gait system prototype proved to provide reliable joint measurements and display relative foot pressure distribution simultaneously.
Full text link https://tinyurl.com/39wz7a9a