Dr. Jose B. Cruz, Jr. is recognized for pioneering and established theories, principles, analysis tools, and design methodologies in complex systems with dynamic feedback mechanisms. His work focuses on sensitivity analysis and on multi-agent based modelling for decentralization and control in large systems or networks.. Here, Dr. Cruz pioneered developing the leader-follower strategies, which were useful for simulating military strategies as US was involved in the Korean War at the University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign. His research finds flexibility in being applicable in various fields, from engineering, to other areas like biology, chemistry, physics, economics, and social sciences.
Sex: Male
Education:
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, M.S. in Electrical Engineering, 1956
- University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines, B.S. Electrical Engineering, 1953
- University of Illinios, Urbana, Illinois, USA, Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering, 1959
Field of Specialization:
Feedback Systems , Sensitivity Analysis, Dynamic Systems, Electrical Engineering, Engineering Education Accreditation, Dynamic Optimization, Control and Game Theory
Researches:
Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1959) A synthesis procedure based on Linvill's RC active structure
Circuit Theory Volume 6
Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1978 Ap) Leader follower strategies for multilevel systems
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-23
Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1959 D) A generalization of the impulse train approximation for time varying linear system synthesis in the time domain
IRE Transactions on Circuit Theory Volume CT-6
Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1960 S) On the realizability of linear differential systems
IRE Transactions on Circuit Theory Volume CT-7
Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1960) Comments on an optimization based on a square error criterion
Automatic Control Volume 5
Cruz, J.B. Jr. , (1963) Time varying and active network theory
Circuit Theory Volume 1, No. 1
Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1961) Sensitivity considerations for time varying sampled data feedback systems
Automatic Control Volume 6
Cruz, J.B. Jr., Perkins W.R., (1964 Jl) A new approach to the sensitivity problems in multivariable feedback system design
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-9
Perkins, W.R., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1965) The parameter variation problem in state feedback control systems
Journal of Basic Engineering Volume 7
Aoki, M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1965) On the optimal control of systems with unknown but fixed parameters
Automatic Control Volume 10
Cruz, J.B. Jr., Perkin, W.R. , (1966) Conditions for signal and parameter invariance in dynamical systems
Automatic Control Volume 11
Perkins, W.R., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Gonzales, R.L., (1968) Design of minimum sensitivity systems
Automatic Control Volume 13
Werner, R.A., Cruz, J.B. Jr. , (1968) Feedback control which preserves optimality for systems with unknown parameters
Automatic Control Volume 13
Kokotovic, P.V., Cruz,J.B. Jr., (1969 Ag) An approximation theorem for linear optimal regulators
Journal of Mathematics Analysis and Applications Volume 27
Sundararajan, N., Cruz, J.B. Jr. , (1970) Comments on e-coupling method for near-optimum design of large scale linear systems
Proceedings, IEEE Volume 117, No. 1
Haddad, A.H., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1970 Ja) Comments on e-Coupling method for near-optimum design of large scale linear systems
IEEE Volume 117, No. 1
Sundararajan, N., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1970 D) Trajectory insensitivity of optimal feedback systems
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-15, No. 6
Cruz, J.B. Jr, Chen, C.I., (1971 Ap) Series plash solution of two person non-zero-sum linear-quadratic differential games
Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Volume 7, No. 4
Haddad, A.H., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Kokotovic, P.V., (1971 My) Design of control systems with random parameters
International Journal of Control Volume 13, No. 5
Haddad, A.H., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1971) Observability of constant states of linear systems
International Journal of Control Volume 14, No. 2
Perkins, W.R., Cruz, J.B.Jr., (1971 D) Feedback properties of linear regulator
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-1G, No. 6
Perkins, W.R., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Sundararajan, N., (1972 Ap) Feedback control of a macroeconomic system using an observer
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Volume SMC-2, No. 2
Heller, J.E., Cruz, J.B. Jr. , (1972 My) An algorithm for minimax parameter optimization
Automatica Volume 8, No. 3
Sundararajan, N., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1972 My) Sensitivity reduction of time-varying linear and nonlinear systems
International Journal of Control Volume 15, No. 5
Imbriale, W.A., Heller, J.E., Miitro, R., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1972 Jl) Pattern synthesis of linear arrays using Fourier coefficient matching
Radio Science Volume 7, No. 7
Hontoir, Y., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1972 Jl) Sensitivity reduction in linear systems
Automatica Volume 8, No. 4
Hontoir, Y., Cruz, J.B. Jr. , (1972 O) On discrete linear time-invariant systems with singular transition matrix
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-17, No. 5
Chen, C.I., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1972 ) Stackelberg solution for two person games with biased information patterns
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume 17, No. 6
Simaan, M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1973 My) On the Stackelberg strategy in nonzero-sum games
Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Volume 11, No. 5
Simaan, M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1973 Je) Sampled data Nash controls in non-zero sum differential games
International Journal of Control Volume 17, No. 6
Simaan, M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1973 Je) Additional aspects of the Stackelberg strategy in non-zero sum games
Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Volume 11, No. 6
M. Simaan and J.B. Cruz, Jr., (1973 Je) A Stackelberg Solution for Games with Many Players.
IEEE Trans. on Automatic Control Volume AC-18
Simaan, M., Cruz, J.B. Jr, (1973 Jl) On the solution of the open loop Nash Riccati Equation in linear quadratic differential games
International Journal of Control Volume 18, No. 1
Hontoir, Y., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1974) A probabilistic likelihood approach to trajectory sensitivity
Automatica Volume 10, No. 1
Chen, C.I., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Paquet, J.G., (1974) Entrance ramp control for travel-rate maximization in expressways
Transportation Research Volume 8
Hanson, D.A., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Perkins, W.R., (1974) Near optimal regional investment using a simultaneous equation economic model
Autamatica Volume 10
Hontoir, Y., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1974) Minimum trajectory sensitivity design of systems with random parameters
International Journal of Control Volume 2, No. 3
Sundararajan, N., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1974) Policy modifications for macro-economic systems resulting in reduced sensitivity to parameter perturbations
International Journal of Systems Science Volume 5, No. 12
Simaan, M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1975) Formulation of Richardson's Model of arms race from a differential game viewpoint
The Review of Economic Studies Volume 42, No. 1
Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1975 ) Probabilistic sensitivity properties of neighboring optimal feedback systems
Iranian Journal of Science and Technology Volume 4, No. 3
Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1975) Survey of Nash and Stackelberg equilibrium strategies in dynamic games
Annals of Economic and Social Measurement Volume 4, No. 4
Simaan, M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1975) Nash equilibrium strategies for the problem of armament race and control
Management Science Volume 22
Hanson, D.A., Perkins,W.R., Cruz, J.B.Jr., (1976) Public investment strategies for regional development: An analysis based on optimization and sensitivity results
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Volume SMC-6
Walsh, P., Cruz, J.B. Jr. , (1976) Neighboring stochastic control of an economic model
Annals of Economic and Social Measurement Volume 5
Padilla, C.S., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1977 F) A linear feedback controller for Stochastic systems with unknown parameters
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-22
Padilla, C.S., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1978 Je) Sensitivity adaptive feedback with estimation redistribution
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-23
Gardner, B.F., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1978 Je) Feedback stackelberg strategy for M-level hierarchical games
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-23
Padilla, C.S., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1978 ) Stochastic control of a discrete time nonlinear system with noisy observation
System Science Volume 4, No. 1
Walsh, P.M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1978 Ag) A sampled data equilibrium Stackelberg coordination scheme for the multiconlroller problem
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-23
Krogh, B., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1978 D) Design of sensitivity reducing compensators using observers
IEEE Trans. on Automatic Control Volume AC-23
Gardner, B.F., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1978 N) Well-posedness of singularly perturbed Nash games
Journal of the Franklin Institute Volume 306, No. 5
Papavassilopoulos, G.P., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1979 F) On the uniqueness of Nash strategies for a class of analytic differential games
Journal Optimization Theory and Applications Volume 27, No. 2
Papavassilopoulos, G.P., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1979 F) Linear quadratic Nash games
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-24, No. 1
Cruz, J.B. Jr., Sawan, M., (1979 F) Low-sensitivity optimal feedback control for linear discrete-time systems
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-24, No. 1
Papavassilopoulos, G.P., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1979 Ap) Nonclassical control problems and Stackelberg games
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume Ac-24, No. 2
Kroclh, B., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1979 Ap) On a canonical form in design of sensitivity reducing compensators using observers
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume 24, No. 2
Papavassilopoulos, G.P., Medanic, J.V., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1979 My) On the existence of Nash strategies and solutions to coupled Riccati equations in linear quadratic games
Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Volume 28, No. 1
Salman, M.A., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1979 Jl) Well posedness of linear closed loop Stackelberg strategies for singularly perturbed systems
Journal of the Franklin Institute Volume 308, No. 1
Walsh, P.M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1979 D) An example of the impact of information structure on decentralized multi-criterion control problems
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-24, No. 6
Gardner, B.F., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1980 Mr) Lower order control for systems with fast and slow modes
Automatica Volume 16
Papavassilopoulos, G.P., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1980 Mr) A control problem with structural choices
Journal of Franklin Institute Volume 309
Papavassilopoulos, G.P., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1989 Je) Sufficient condition for Stackelberg and Nash strategies with memory
Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Volume 31
Consuelo, S.P., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Padilla, R.A., (1980 D) A simple algorithm for safer control
International Journal of Control Volume 32, No. 6
Cruz, J.B.Jr., Freudenberg, J.S., Looze, D.P., (1981 F) A relationship between sensitivity and stability of multivariable feedback systems
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-26
Saksena, V., Cruz, J.B. Jr. , (1981 Ap) Stabilization of singularly perturbed linear time-Invariant system Low-Order Observers
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-26
Cruz, J.B.Jr., Looze, D.P., Perkins, W.R., (1981 S-O) Sensitivity analysis of nonlinear feedback systems
Journal of Franklin Institute Volume 312, No. 3-4
Salmon, M.A., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1981 N) An incentive model of duopoly with government coordination
Automatica Volume 17, No. 6
Saksena, V., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1981 N) Nash strategies in decentralized control of multiparameter singularly perturbed large scale systems
Large Scale Systems Volume 2
Freudenberg, J.S., Looze, D.P., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1982 Ja) Robustness analysis using singular value sensitivities
International Journal of Control Volume 35, No. 1
Saksena, V., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1982) A multimodel approach to stochastic Nash games
Automatica Volume 18, No. 3
Chan, Y.M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1983) Decentralized stochastic adaptive Nash games
Optimal Control Applications and Methods Volume 4
Chan, Y.M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1983) Self tuning leader follower games
Automatica Volume 19, No. 3
Salman, M.A., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1983) Team optimal closed loop Stackelberg strategies for systems with slow and fast modes
International Journal of Control Volume 37, No. 6
Saksena, V.R., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Perkins, W.R., Basar, T., (1983 Jl/ Ag) Information induced multimodel solutions in multiple decision maker problems
IEEE Transactions on Systems Man, and Cybernetics Volume SMC-13, No. 4
Salman, M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1983) Optimal coordination of minimodel interconnected systems with slow and fast modes
Large Scale Systems Volume 5
Zheng,Y.P., Basar, T., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1984 Ja-F) Stackelberg strategies and incentives in multi-person deterministic decision problems
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics Volume 14, No. 1
Saksena, V.R., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1984) Robust Nash strategies for a class of non-linear singularly perturbed problems
International Journal of Control Volume 39, No. 2
Saksena, V.R., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1985) Optimal and near optimal incentive strategies in the hierarchical control of Markov Chains
Automatica Volume 21, No. 2
Saksena, V.R., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1985) A unified approach to reduced order modeling and control of large scale systems with multiple decision makers
Optimal Control Applications and Methods Volume 6
Saksena, V.R., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1985 S) An approach to decentralized control of large scale systems using aggregation methods
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-30, No. 9
Milito, R.A., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1987 S) An optimization oriented approach to the adaptive control of Markov Chains
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Volume AC-32, No. 9
Wang, F.Y., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Mulligan, J.H. Jr., (1990 S) On multiple training for BAM
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks Volume 1, No. 3
Mulligan, J.H., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Soerheim, E., Kiran, A.S., (1991) An extension of the tardiness Heuristic feedback algorithm for scheduling
Journal of Manufacturing Systems Volume 10, No. 2
Wang, Y.F., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Mulligan, J.H. Jr., (1991 N) Guaranteed recall of all training pairs for bidirectional associative memory
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks Volume 2, No. 6
Karsili, M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Mulligan, J.H. Jr., (1992) Simulation studies of multilevel dynamic job shop scheduling using Heuristic dispatching rules
Journal of Manufacturing Systems Volume 11, No. 5
Karsiti, M., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Mulligan, J.H. Jr., (1992) Performance forecasts of locally controlled subsystems as feedback for schedule generation
Journal of Manufacturing Systems Volume 11, No. 5
Wang, Y.F., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Mulligan, J.H. Jr., (1993) Multiple training concept for back propagation neural networks for use in associative memories
Neural Networks Volume 6
Cruz, J.B. Jr., Drakunov, S.V., Sikora, M.A., (1993 F) Leader follower strategy via a sliding mode approach
Journal of Optimization Theory and Application Volume 88, No. 2
Cruz, J.B. Jr., Simaan, M.A., (2000 N) Ordinal games and generalized Nash and Stackelberg solutions
Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Volume 107, No. 2
Koyhani, A., Kian, A., Cruz, J.B. Jr., Simaan, M.A., (2001) Market monitoring and control of ancillary services
Decision Support Systems Volume 30
Cruz, J.B. Jr., Simaan, M.A., Gacic, A., Jiang, H., Letellier, B., Li, M., (2001 O) Garne theoretic modeling and control of military air operation
IEEE Transactions On Aerospace and Electronic Systems Volume 37, No. 4
Kian, A.R., Cruz, J.B.Jr., Simaan, M.A., (2002 Jl) Stochastic discrete lime Nash games with constrained state estimators
Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Volume 114, No. 1
Cruz, J.B. Jr., Simaan, M.A., Gacic, A., Liu, Y. , (2002) Moving horizon Nash strategies for a military air operation
IEEE Transactions On Aerospace and Electronic Systems Volume 38, No. 3
Kokotovic, P.V., Perkins, W.R., Cruz, J.B. Jr., D'Ans, G., (1969 My) e-coupling method for near -optimum design of large scale linear systems
Proceedings, IEEE Volume 116
Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1972) Near-optimal feedback control
Feedback Systems (Chapter 6), McGraw-Hill Book Co.,)
Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1993) Bidirectional associative memories
Associative Neural Memories: Theory and Implementation, (Chapter 5), M.H. Hassoun, ed., Oxford University Press
Sikora, M.A., Drakunov, S.V., Cruz, J.B. Jr., (1995) A sliding mode based leader-follower strategy for multi-level hierachies
Recent Trends in Optimization Theory and Applications, R.P. Agarwal, ed., World Scientific Publishing Company
Cruz, J.B.Jr. , (1996) Leader follower strategies for multi-level systems
Selected papers on Sensors and data Fusion, Sadjadi, F.A. ed., Optical Engineering Press (ISBN 0-81944-2265-7)